eprintid: 10188109 rev_number: 6 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/18/81/09 datestamp: 2024-02-29 12:23:13 lastmod: 2024-02-29 12:23:13 status_changed: 2024-02-29 12:23:13 type: article metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: de Andrade Pereira, Flavia creators_name: Paul, Lazlo creators_name: Pritoni, Marco creators_name: Casillas, Armando creators_name: Prakash, Anand creators_name: Huang, Weiping creators_name: Shaw, Conor creators_name: Martin-Toral, Susana creators_name: Finn, Donal creators_name: Donnell, James O’ title: Enabling portable demand flexibility control applications in virtual and real buildings ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B04 divisions: C04 divisions: F34 keywords: Demand flexibility, Generalizable control, Semantic model, Portability, Simulation and field testing note: © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. under a Creative Commons license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). abstract: Control applications that facilitate Demand Flexibility (DF) are difficult to deploy at scale in existing buildings. The heterogeneity of systems and non-standard naming conventions for metadata describing data points in building automation systems often lead to ad-hoc and building-specific applications. In recent years, several researchers investigated semantic models to describe the meaning of building data. They suggest that these models can enhance the deployment of building applications, enabling data exchanges among heterogeneous sources and their portability across different buildings. However, the studies in question fail to explore these capabilities in the context of controls. This paper proposes a novel semantics-driven framework for developing and deploying portable DF control applications. The design of the framework leverages an iterative design science research methodology, evolving from evidence gathered through simulation and field demonstrations. The framework aims to decouple control applications from specific buildings and control platforms, enabling these control applications to be configured semi-automatically. This allows application developers and researchers to streamline the onboarding of new applications that could otherwise be time-consuming and resource-intensive. The framework has been validated for its capability to facilitate the deployment of control applications sharing the same codebase across diverse virtual and real buildings. The demonstration successfully tested two controls for load shifting and shedding in four virtual buildings using the Building Optimization Testing Framework (BOPTEST) and in one real building using the control platform VOLTTRON. Insights into the current limitations, benefits, and challenges of generalizable controls and semantic models are derived from the deployment efforts and outcomes to guide future research in this field. date: 2024-06 date_type: published publisher: Elsevier BV official_url: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2024.108645 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 2252816 doi: 10.1016/j.jobe.2024.108645 lyricists_name: De Andrade Pereira, Flavia lyricists_id: FDEAN77 actors_name: De Andrade Pereira, Flavia actors_id: FDEAN77 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: Journal of Building Engineering volume: 86 article_number: 108645 citation: de Andrade Pereira, Flavia; Paul, Lazlo; Pritoni, Marco; Casillas, Armando; Prakash, Anand; Huang, Weiping; Shaw, Conor; ... Donnell, James O’; + view all <#> de Andrade Pereira, Flavia; Paul, Lazlo; Pritoni, Marco; Casillas, Armando; Prakash, Anand; Huang, Weiping; Shaw, Conor; Martin-Toral, Susana; Finn, Donal; Donnell, James O’; - view fewer <#> (2024) Enabling portable demand flexibility control applications in virtual and real buildings. Journal of Building Engineering , 86 , Article 108645. 10.1016/j.jobe.2024.108645 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2024.108645>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10188109/1/1-s2.0-S2352710224002134-main.pdf