eprintid: 10185812
rev_number: 6
eprint_status: archive
userid: 699
dir: disk0/10/18/58/12
datestamp: 2024-01-19 09:35:59
lastmod: 2024-01-19 09:36:00
status_changed: 2024-01-19 09:35:59
type: article
metadata_visibility: show
sword_depositor: 699
creators_name: Nakhaei, Mahdi
creators_name: Zanjanian, Hossein
creators_name: Nakhaei, Pouria
creators_name: Gheibi, Mohammad
creators_name: Moezzi, Reza
creators_name: Behzadian, Kourosh
creators_name: Campos, Luiza C
title: Comparative Evaluation of Deep Learning Techniques in Streamflow Monthly Prediction of the Zarrine River Basin
ispublished: pub
divisions: UCL
divisions: B04
divisions: C05
divisions: F44
keywords: LSTM; RNN; ANOVA; input data sensitivity analysis; Zarrine River; precipitation
note: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
abstract: Predicting monthly streamflow is essential for hydrological analysis and water resource management. Recent advancements in deep learning, particularly long short-term memory (LSTM) and recurrent neural networks (RNN), exhibit extraordinary efficacy in streamflow forecasting. This study employs RNN and LSTM to construct data-driven streamflow forecasting models. Sensitivity analysis, utilizing the analysis of variance (ANOVA) method, also is crucial for model refinement and identification of critical variables. This study covers monthly streamflow data from 1979 to 2014, employing five distinct model structures to ascertain the most optimal configuration. Application of the models to the Zarrine River basin in northwest Iran, a major sub-basin of Lake Urmia, demonstrates the superior accuracy of the RNN algorithm over LSTM. At the outlet of the basin, quantitative evaluations demonstrate that the RNN model outperforms the LSTM model across all model structures. The S3 model, characterized by its inclusion of all input variable values and a four-month delay, exhibits notably exceptional performance in this aspect. The accuracy measures applicable in this particular context were RMSE (22.8), R2 (0.84), and NSE (0.8). This study highlights the Zarrine River’s substantial impact on variations in Lake Urmia’s water level. Furthermore, the ANOVA method demonstrates exceptional performance in discerning the relevance of input factors. ANOVA underscores the key role of station streamflow, upstream station streamflow, and maximum temperature in influencing the model’s output. Notably, the RNN model, surpassing LSTM and traditional artificial neural network (ANN) models, excels in accurately mimicking rainfall–runoff processes. This emphasizes the potential of RNN networks to filter redundant information, distinguishing them as valuable tools in monthly streamflow forecasting.
date: 2024-01-06
date_type: published
publisher: MDPI AG
official_url: http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16020208
oa_status: green
full_text_type: pub
language: eng
primo: open
primo_central: open_green
verified: verified_manual
elements_id: 2140431
doi: 10.3390/w16020208
lyricists_name: Campos, Luiza
lyricists_id: LCCAM91
actors_name: Flynn, Bernadette
actors_id: BFFLY94
actors_role: owner
full_text_status: public
publication: Water
volume: 16
number: 2
article_number: 208
issn: 2073-4441
citation:        Nakhaei, Mahdi;    Zanjanian, Hossein;    Nakhaei, Pouria;    Gheibi, Mohammad;    Moezzi, Reza;    Behzadian, Kourosh;    Campos, Luiza C;      (2024)    Comparative Evaluation of Deep Learning Techniques in Streamflow Monthly Prediction of the Zarrine River Basin.                   Water , 16  (2)    , Article 208.  10.3390/w16020208 <https://doi.org/10.3390/w16020208>.       Green open access   
 
document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10185812/1/water-16-00208.pdf