TY - INPR UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ccell.2023.12.008 ID - discovery10185107 N2 - Pediatric patients with high-risk neuroblastoma have poor survival rates and urgently need more effective treatment options with less side effects. Since novel and improved immunotherapies may fill this need, we dissect the immunoregulatory interactions in neuroblastoma by single-cell RNA-sequencing of 24 tumors (10 pre- and 14 post-chemotherapy, including 5 pairs) to identify strategies for optimizing immunotherapy efficacy. Neuroblastomas are infiltrated by natural killer (NK), T and B cells, and immunosuppressive myeloid populations. NK cells show reduced cytotoxicity and T cells have a dysfunctional profile. Interaction analysis reveals a vast immunoregulatory network and identifies NECTIN2-TIGIT as a crucial immune checkpoint. Combined blockade of TIGIT and PD-L1 significantly reduces neuroblastoma growth, with complete responses (CR) in vivo. Moreover, addition of TIGIT+PD-L1 blockade to standard relapse treatment in a chemotherapy-resistant Th-ALKF1174L/MYCN 129/SvJ syngeneic model induces CR. In conclusion, our integrative analysis provides promising targets and a rationale for immunotherapeutic combination strategies. AV - public TI - Integrative analysis of neuroblastoma by single-cell RNA sequencing identifies the NECTIN2-TIGIT axis as a target for immunotherapy Y1 - 2024/01/04/ SN - 1535-6108 KW - Neuroblastoma KW - tumor microenvironment KW - immune evasion KW - immunotherapy KW - Immune checkpoint inhibition KW - TIGIT KW - NECTIN2 KW - PD-1 KW - PD-L1 KW - Pediatric oncology PB - Elsevier BV JF - Cancer Cell A1 - Wienke, Judith A1 - Visser, Lindy L A1 - Kholosy, Waleed M A1 - Keller, Kaylee M A1 - Barisa, Marta A1 - Poon, Evon A1 - Munnings-Tomes, Sophie A1 - Himsworth, Courtney A1 - Calton, Elizabeth A1 - Rodriguez, Ana A1 - Bernardi, Ronald A1 - van den Ham, Femke A1 - van Hooff, Sander R A1 - Matser, Yvette AH A1 - Tas, Michelle L A1 - Langenberg, Karin PS A1 - Lijnzaad, Philip A1 - Borst, Anne L A1 - Zappa, Elisa A1 - Bergsma, Francisca J A1 - Strijker, Josephine GM A1 - Verhoeven, Bronte M A1 - Mei, Shenglin A1 - Kramdi, Amira A1 - Restuadi, Restuadi A1 - Sanchez-Bernabeu, Alvaro A1 - Cornel, Annelisa M A1 - Holstege, Frank CP A1 - Gray, Juliet C A1 - Tytgat, Godelieve AM A1 - Scheijde-Vermeulen, Marijn A A1 - Wijnen, Marc HWA A1 - Dierselhuis, Miranda P A1 - Straathof, Karin A1 - Behjati, Sam A1 - Wu, Wei A1 - Heck, Albert JR A1 - Koster, Jan A1 - Nierkens, Stefan A1 - Janoueix-Lerosey, Isabelle A1 - de Krijger, Ronald R A1 - Baryawno, Ninib A1 - Chesler, Louis A1 - Anderson, John A1 - Caron, Hubert N A1 - Margaritis, Thanasis A1 - van Noesel, Max M A1 - Molenaar, Jan J N1 - © The Author(s), 2024. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ER -