eprintid: 10184219 rev_number: 8 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/18/42/19 datestamp: 2023-12-20 08:58:41 lastmod: 2023-12-20 08:58:41 status_changed: 2023-12-20 08:58:41 type: article metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: Manis, Cristina creators_name: Manca, Alessia creators_name: Murgia, Antonio creators_name: Uras, Giuseppe creators_name: Caboni, Pierluigi creators_name: Congiu, Terenzio creators_name: Faa, Gavino creators_name: Pantaleo, Antonella creators_name: Cao, Giacomo title: Understanding the Behaviour of Human Cell Types under Simulated Microgravity Conditions: The Case of Erythrocytes ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B02 divisions: C07 divisions: D07 divisions: F84 keywords: Erythrocytes; microgravity; confocal and scanning electron microscopy; oxidative stress; mass spectrometry; lipidomics note: Copyright © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). abstract: Erythrocytes are highly specialized cells in human body, and their main function is to ensure the gas exchanges, O2 and CO2, within the body. The exposure to microgravity environment leads to several health risks such as those affecting red blood cells. In this work, we investigated the changes that occur in the structure and function of red blood cells under simulated microgravity, compared to terrestrial conditions, at different time points using biochemical and biophysical techniques. Erythrocytes exposed to simulated microgravity showed morphological changes, a constant increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), a significant reduction in total antioxidant capacity (TAC), a remarkable and constant decrease in total glutathione (GSH) concentration, and an augmentation in malondialdehyde (MDA) at increasing times. Moreover, experiments were performed to evaluate the lipid profile of erythrocyte membranes which showed an upregulation in the following membrane phosphocholines (PC): PC16:0_16:0, PC 33:5, PC18:2_18:2, PC 15:1_20:4 and SM d42:1. Thus, remarkable changes in erythrocyte cytoskeletal architecture and membrane stiffness due to oxidative damage have been found under microgravity conditions, in addition to factors that contribute to the plasticity of the red blood cells (RBCs) including shape, size, cell viscosity and membrane rigidity. This study represents our first investigation into the effects of microgravity on erythrocytes and will be followed by other experiments towards understanding the behaviour of different human cell types in microgravity. date: 2022-06-02 date_type: published publisher: MDPI official_url: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23126876 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1965659 doi: 10.3390/ijms23126876 medium: Electronic pii: ijms23126876 lyricists_name: Uras, Giuseppe lyricists_id: GURAS33 actors_name: Flynn, Bernadette actors_id: BFFLY94 actors_role: owner funding_acknowledgements: U1679.2021/AI.1599.BE [Fondazione di Sardegna]; Prat.2021.1708 [Fondazione di Sardegna] full_text_status: public publication: International Journal of Molecular Sciences volume: 23 number: 12 article_number: 6876 pages: 12 event_location: Switzerland issn: 1661-6596 citation: Manis, Cristina; Manca, Alessia; Murgia, Antonio; Uras, Giuseppe; Caboni, Pierluigi; Congiu, Terenzio; Faa, Gavino; ... Cao, Giacomo; + view all <#> Manis, Cristina; Manca, Alessia; Murgia, Antonio; Uras, Giuseppe; Caboni, Pierluigi; Congiu, Terenzio; Faa, Gavino; Pantaleo, Antonella; Cao, Giacomo; - view fewer <#> (2022) Understanding the Behaviour of Human Cell Types under Simulated Microgravity Conditions: The Case of Erythrocytes. International Journal of Molecular Sciences , 23 (12) , Article 6876. 10.3390/ijms23126876 <https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms23126876>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10184219/1/ijms-23-06876-v2.pdf