TY - JOUR JF - Molecular Therapy: Methods & Clinical Development A1 - Woodruff, Rosie A1 - Parekh, Farhaan A1 - Lamb, Katarina A1 - Mekkaoui, Leila A1 - Allen, Christopher A1 - Smetanova, Katerina A1 - Huang, Jasmine A1 - Williams, Alex A1 - Toledo, Gerardo Santiago A1 - Lilova, Koki A1 - Roddie, Claire A1 - Sillibourne, James A1 - Pule, Martin KW - base editing KW - BE4max KW - chimeric antigen receptor KW - circular RNAPD-1TIM3 N2 - Base editing is a revolutionary gene-editing technique enabling the introduction of point mutations into the genome without generating detrimental DNA double-stranded breaks. Base-editing enzymes are commonly delivered in the form of modified linear messenger RNA (mRNA) that is costly to produce. Here, we address this problem by developing a simple protocol for manufacturing base-edited cells using circular RNA (circRNA), which is less expensive to synthesize. Compared with linear mRNA, higher editing efficiencies were achieved with circRNA, enabling an 8-fold reduction in the amount of RNA required. We used this protocol to manufacture a clinical dose (1 × 108 cells) of base-edited chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells lacking expression of the inhibitory receptor, PD-1. Editing efficiencies of up to 86% were obtained using 0.25 ?g circRNA/1 × 106 cells. Increased editing efficiencies with circRNA were attributed to more efficient translation. These results suggest that circRNA, which is less expensive to produce than linear mRNA, is a viable option for reducing the cost of manufacturing base-edited cells at scale. ID - discovery10180184 PB - Elsevier BV UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.omtm.2023.101123 N1 - © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier under a Creative Commons license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). TI - Large-scale manufacturing of base-edited chimeric antigen receptor T cells AV - public VL - 31 Y1 - 2023/12/14/ ER -