?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Monetary+and+time+investments+in+children's+education%3A+how+do+they+differ+in+workless+households%3F&rft.creator=Has%2C+Silvan&rft.creator=Anders%2C+Jacob&rft.creator=Shure%2C+Nikki&rft.description=Around+9%25+of+children+in+the+European+Union+live+in+households+in+which+no+parent%0D%0Ais+working.+Children+living+in+these+workless+households+are+of+increasing+interest+to%0D%0Aresearchers%2C+policy+makers%2C+and+the+wider+public.+Workless+households+not+only+have%0D%0Alower+income+on+average+but+are+also+widely+considered+to+be+at+risk+of+social+exclusion.%0D%0AIn+this+paper%2C+we+study+the+relationship+between+parents%E2%80%99+employment+status+and+their%0D%0Atime+and+monetary+investments+in+their+child%E2%80%99s+education+using+data+from+the+Programme%0D%0Afor+International+Student+Assessment+(PISA).+We+use+matching+methods+and+regression%0D%0Aanalysis+to+compare+educational+investments+made+in+children+from+a+workless+background%0D%0Ato+children+with+at+least+one+working+parent%2C+but+otherwise+very+similar+background%0D%0Acharacteristics.+Our+analyses+indicate+that+parents%E2%80%99+worklessness+is+associated+with+lower%0D%0Amonetary+investments+in+their+children%E2%80%99s+education.+However%2C+we+do+not+find+a+dierence%0D%0Ain+monetary+investments+in+the+form+of+commercial+tutoring.+In+terms+of+time+investments%2C%0D%0Awe+find+that+workless+parents+%E2%80%93+especially+workless+single+parents+%E2%80%93+spend+more+time+helping%0D%0Atheir+child+doing+homework.+These+findings+could+help+guide+future+social+policy+aimed+at%0D%0Aequalising+opportunities+for+children+living+in+workless+households.+Conditional+on+a+deeper%0D%0Aunderstanding+of+the+implications+of+worklessness+on+country+level%2C+measures+such+as%0D%0Aeducational+vouchers+or+stipend+programmes+specifically+aimed+at+socially+disadvantaged%0D%0Achildren+could+be+introduced.&rft.subject=PISA%3B+educational+inequality%3B+worklessness%3B+monetary+investments%3B+time+investments&rft.publisher=Centre+for+Education+Policy+%26+Equalising+Opportunities%2C+UCL&rft.date=2020-04-06&rft.type=Working+%2F+discussion+paper&rft.language=eng&rft.source=++++(CEPEO+Working+Paper+Series++20-10).+Centre+for+Education+Policy+%26+Equalising+Opportunities%2C+UCL%3A+London%2C+UK.+(2020)+++++&rft.format=text&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.ucl.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F10175440%2F1%2Fcepeowp20-10.pdf&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.ucl.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F10175440%2F&rft.rights=open