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<https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10167274> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/title> "Learning loss due to school closures during the COVID-19 pandemic"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> .
<https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10167274> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/abstract> "Suspension of face-to-face instruction in schools during the\r\nCOVID-19 pandemic has led to concerns about consequences for\r\nstudents’ learning. So far, data to study this question have been\r\nlimited. Here we evaluate the effect of school closures on primary school performance using exceptionally rich data from The\r\nNetherlands (n ≈ 350,000). We use the fact that national examinations took place before and after lockdown and compare progress\r\nduring this period to the same period in the 3 previous years.\r\nThe Netherlands underwent only a relatively short lockdown (8\r\nwk) and features an equitable system of school funding and the\r\nworld’s highest rate of broadband access. Still, our results reveal\r\na learning loss of about 3 percentile points or 0.08 standard deviations. The effect is equivalent to one-fifth of a school year,\r\nthe same period that schools remained closed. Losses are up to\r\n60% larger among students from less-educated homes, confirming worries about the uneven toll of the pandemic on children\r\nand families. Investigating mechanisms, we find that most of the\r\neffect reflects the cumulative impact of knowledge learned rather\r\nthan transitory influences on the day of testing. Results remain\r\nrobust when balancing on the estimated propensity of treatment\r\nand using maximum-entropy weights or with fixed-effects specifications that compare students within the same school and family.\r\nThe findings imply that students made little or no progress while\r\nlearning from home and suggest losses even larger in countries\r\nwith weaker infrastructure or longer school closures."^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> .
<https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10167274> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/date> "2021-04-27" .
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