eprintid: 10166746 rev_number: 12 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/16/67/46 datestamp: 2023-05-11 06:23:16 lastmod: 2023-05-11 06:23:16 status_changed: 2023-05-11 06:23:16 type: thesis metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: Weber, Sigrid title: Essays on Displacement During and After War ispublished: unpub divisions: UCL divisions: B03 divisions: C03 divisions: F30 keywords: Conflict, forced migration, political science note: Copyright © The Author 2023. Original content in this thesis is licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) Licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Any third-party copyright material present remains the property of its respective owner(s) and is licensed under its existing terms. Access may initially be restricted at the author’s request. abstract: How do internally displaced persons navigate the contested environment of conflicts? When violence breaks out, civilians have to make difficult decisions regarding the questions of whether to leave, how to protect themselves from armed actors and when to return. In three empirical chapters, this thesis investigates how violence affects population movements but also how population movements shape conflict dynamics and post-conflict recovery. The first chapter investigates how different patterns of violence lead to differential decisions to flee by conducting a survey experiment in the Kurdish dominated areas of Turkey. I find that certain patterns of violence, in particular the threat of repeated and future violence but also the perpetrator of violence, explain when civilians flee and where they go. The second empirical chapter highlights how armed actors respond to the resulting displacement. I propose a revised theory of civilian victimization during civil wars in which the local population is not static but moves dynamically through zones of territorial control. In a spatial regression analysis of one-sided violence against civilians and IDPs, I show in the context of the Iraq war against the Islamic State that territorial rulers respond with violence to disloyal IDPs moving into their areas while territorial challengers spoil local rule by targeting civilians that support the current local ruler and move towards their territories. This study contributes to the literature on territorial control, civilian victimization, and conflict contagion. The last chapter analyses how housing, land and property rights affect the decision to return home after displacement. Using a matching analysis of actual return decisions in Northern Iraq and survey experiments with the Yazidis in Iraq, I demonstrate that political discrimination and economic uncertainty in property rights security slow down returns and hinder a speedy recovery in post-conflict environments. Situated at the intersection between forced migration research and conflict studies, the thesis as a whole provides insights into the interlinked dynamics of violence and displacement during and after conflicts. date: 2023-03-28 date_type: published oa_status: green full_text_type: other thesis_class: doctoral_open thesis_award: Ph.D language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 2011514 lyricists_name: Weber, Sigrid lyricists_id: SWEBE13 actors_name: Weber, Sigrid actors_id: SWEBE13 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public pages: 240 institution: UCL (University College London) department: Political Science thesis_type: Doctoral citation: Weber, Sigrid; (2023) Essays on Displacement During and After War. Doctoral thesis (Ph.D), UCL (University College London). Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10166746/2/PhD_thesis_Sigrid_Weber.pdf