eprintid: 10166154 rev_number: 10 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/16/61/54 datestamp: 2023-03-08 17:49:34 lastmod: 2023-06-02 06:10:46 status_changed: 2023-03-08 17:49:34 type: article metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: Sporn, Sebastian creators_name: Chen, Xiuli creators_name: Galea, Joseph M title: The dissociable effects of reward on sequential motor behavior ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B02 divisions: C07 divisions: D07 divisions: F84 keywords: complex sequential motor behavior; motor fusion; motor learning; movement fusion; reward note: Copyright © 2022 The Authors. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution CC-BY 4.0. abstract: Reward has consistently been shown to enhance motor behavior; however, its beneficial effects appear to be largely unspecific. For example, reward is associated with both rapid and training-dependent improvements in performance, with a mechanistic account of these effects currently lacking. Here we tested the hypothesis that these distinct reward-based improvements are driven by dissociable reward types: monetary incentive and performance feedback. Whereas performance feedback provides information on how well a motor task has been completed (knowledge of performance), monetary incentive increases the motivation to perform optimally without providing a performance-based learning signal. Experiment 1 showed that groups who received monetary incentive rapidly improved movement times (MTs), using a novel sequential reaching task. In contrast, only groups with correct performance-based feedback showed learning-related improvements. Importantly, pairing both maximized MT performance gains and accelerated movement fusion. Fusion describes an optimization process during which neighboring sequential movements blend together to form singular actions. Results from experiment 2 served as a replication and showed that fusion led to enhanced performance speed while also improving movement efficiency through increased smoothness. Finally, experiment 3 showed that these improvements in performance persist for 24 h even without reward availability. This highlights the dissociable impact of monetary incentive and performance feedback, with their combination maximizing performance gains and leading to stable improvements in the speed and efficiency of sequential actions./ NEW & NOTEWORTHY Our work provides a mechanistic framework for how reward influences motor behavior. Specifically, we show that rapid improvements in speed and accuracy are driven by reward presented in the form of money, whereas knowledge of performance through performance feedback leads to training-based improvements. Importantly, combining both maximized performance gains and led to improvements in movement quality through fusion, which describes an optimization process during which sequential movements blend into a single action. date: 2022-07 date_type: published publisher: AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC official_url: https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00467.2021 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1968606 doi: 10.1152/jn.00467.2021 medium: Print-Electronic lyricists_name: Sporn, Sebastian lyricists_id: SSPOR65 actors_name: Flynn, Bernadette actors_id: BFFLY94 actors_role: owner funding_acknowledgements: MotMotLearn 637488 [European Research Council] full_text_status: public publication: Journal of Neurophysiology volume: 128 number: 1 pagerange: 86-104 pages: 19 event_location: United States issn: 0022-3077 citation: Sporn, Sebastian; Chen, Xiuli; Galea, Joseph M; (2022) The dissociable effects of reward on sequential motor behavior. Journal of Neurophysiology , 128 (1) pp. 86-104. 10.1152/jn.00467.2021 <https://doi.org/10.1152/jn.00467.2021>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10166154/1/jn.00467.2021.pdf