eprintid: 10159357 rev_number: 10 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/15/93/57 datestamp: 2022-11-16 13:16:25 lastmod: 2023-10-30 11:43:19 status_changed: 2022-11-16 13:16:25 type: article metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: Rigon, Andrea title: Diversity, justice and slum upgrading: An intersectional approach to urban development ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B04 divisions: C04 divisions: F32 keywords: Diversity, Intersectionality, Identity, Power relations, Kenya, Slum upgrading, Informal settlements, Social justice, Urban development note: © 2022 The Author. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). abstract: Slum upgrading interventions often assume that all residents have similar aspirations and needs. However, these neighbourhoods rank among the most unequal settlements, and interventions can create winners and losers. Different dimensions of diversity have to be taken into consideration in planning such interventions to ensure a just outcome. Through the analysis of specific examples of slum upgrading processes in Nairobi, the paper identifies three interlinked aspects of diversity that need to be considered. These relate to Fraser's dimensions of social justice and to the pillars of the right to the city. We find that slum upgrading projects assume that all residents aspire to better housing and are willing to invest their savings and effort to achieve this. However, this is not a priority for everyone living in informal settlements. For many, the informal settlement is a relatively cheap housing option located close to good educational and economic opportunities, allowing parents to save for children's education. Interventions in informal settlements seldom consider the impact of market dynamics on different groups of residents. In informal settlements with some rental housing, improved infrastructures can lead to sudden increases in rent, displacing the most vulnerable residents of the settlement. Attempts to take diversity into account in participatory processes with local residents generally only recognise a limited number of dimensions of identity. They tend to divide people based on one dimension only, as if there were no others. However, people have multiple identities and some can be more salient than others when it comes to slum upgrading. This paper argues for an intersectional and relational approach, focusing on the relations between residents, and between different groups of residents. date: 2022-12 date_type: published publisher: Elsevier BV official_url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2022.102691 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1987578 doi: 10.1016/j.habitatint.2022.102691 lyricists_name: Rigon, Andrea lyricists_id: ARIGO50 actors_name: Flynn, Bernadette actors_id: BFFLY94 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: Habitat International volume: 130 article_number: 102691 issn: 0197-3975 citation: Rigon, Andrea; (2022) Diversity, justice and slum upgrading: An intersectional approach to urban development. Habitat International , 130 , Article 102691. 10.1016/j.habitatint.2022.102691 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2022.102691>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10159357/1/1-s2.0-S0197397522001886-main.pdf