eprintid: 10149717
rev_number: 22
eprint_status: archive
userid: 699
dir: disk0/10/14/97/17
datestamp: 2022-06-07 15:21:58
lastmod: 2025-10-03 12:46:24
status_changed: 2022-11-07 14:34:47
type: article
metadata_visibility: show
sword_depositor: 699
creators_name: Kulakevich, Tatsiana
creators_name: Kubik, Jan
title: Anti-Authoritarian Learning: Prospects for Democratization in Belarus Based on a Study of Polish Solidarity
ispublished: pub
divisions: UCL
divisions: D92
divisions: B03
keywords: Polish Solidarity; anti-Lukashenka mobilization; stages of social movements; comparative study of mobilization; protests
note: This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
abstract: This article examines the anti-Lukashenka protest movement in Belarus by comparing it to the Solidarity movement in Poland. We organize our analysis around the concept of four stages identifiable in the de-velopment of social movements: emergence, coalescence, bureaucratization, and decline. We argue that protests in Belarus reached the bureaucratization stage, but their transformation into a more durable movement was slowed down by the brutal repressions unleashed by the Lukashenka regime propped up by Putin’s Russia. However, the spectacular changes in people’s conceptions of national identity built around symbols different from those associated with the officialdom may sustain emotional mobilization necessary for formation of higher levels of organizations in the oppressive context of today’s Belarus. The contours of this process are brought into sharp relief when compared with the long, cumulative tra-jectory of the 1956-89 anti-authoritarian Polish revolts. This opens the way for cautious prognostication.
date: 2023-07
date_type: published
publisher: Taylor & Francis
official_url: https://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2022.34
oa_status: green
full_text_type: pub
language: eng
primo: open
primo_central: open_green
verified: verified_manual
elements_id: 1960023
doi: 10.1017/nps.2022.34
lyricists_name: Kubik, Jan
lyricists_id: JKUBI68
actors_name: Kubik, Jan
actors_id: JKUBI68
actors_role: owner
full_text_status: public
publication: Nationalities Papers
pagerange: 823-837
citation:        Kulakevich, Tatsiana;    Kubik, Jan;      (2023)    Anti-Authoritarian Learning: Prospects for Democratization in Belarus Based on a Study of Polish Solidarity.                   Nationalities Papers     pp. 823-837.    10.1017/nps.2022.34 <https://doi.org/10.1017/nps.2022.34>.       Green open access   
 
document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10149717/8/Kubik_anti-authoritarian-learning-prospects-for-democratization-in-belarus-based-on-a-study-of-polish-solidarity.pdf