TY - JOUR N2 - Inhibitory control, a core executive function, emerges in infancy and develops rapidly across childhood. Methodological limitations have meant that studies investigating the neural correlates underlying inhibitory control in infancy are rare. Employing functional near-infrared spectroscopy alongside a novel touchscreen task that measures response inhibition, this study aimed to uncover the neural underpinnings of inhibitory control in 10-month-old infants (N = 135). We found that when inhibition was required, the right prefrontal and parietal cortices were more activated than when there was no inhibitory demand. This demonstrates that inhibitory control in infants as young as 10 months of age is supported by similar brain areas as in older children and adults. With this study we have lowered the age-boundary for localising the neural substrates of response inhibition to the first year of life. ID - discovery10149219 AV - public KW - Executive function KW - Response inhibition KW - Infancy KW - Functional near-infrared spectroscopy KW - Prefrontal cortex KW - Parietal cortex A1 - Fiske, Abigail A1 - de Klerk, Carina A1 - Lui, Katie YK A1 - Collins-Jones, Liam A1 - Hendry, Alexandra A1 - Greenhalgh, Isobel A1 - Hall, Anna A1 - Scerif, Gaia A1 - Dvergsdal, Henrik A1 - Holmboe, Karla Y1 - 2022/08/15/ N1 - © 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. under a Creative Commons license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2022.119241 JF - NeuroImage TI - The neural correlates of inhibitory control in 10-month-old infants: A functional near-infrared spectroscopy study VL - 257 PB - Elsevier BV ER -