eprintid: 10145073 rev_number: 10 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/14/50/73 datestamp: 2022-03-14 13:09:02 lastmod: 2022-03-14 14:16:09 status_changed: 2022-03-14 13:09:02 type: article metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: Jay, MA creators_name: Mc Grath-Lone, L creators_name: De Stavola, B creators_name: Gilbert, R title: Evaluation of pushing out of children from all English state schools: Administrative data cohort study of children receiving social care and their peers ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: G25 divisions: D13 divisions: B02 note: Copyright © 2022 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). abstract: Background: Pushing out (off-rolling) occurs where pupils are illegally excluded from school. Those receiving children's social care (CSC) services (children in need (CiN), on child protection plans (CPPs) or looked after (CLA)) are thought to be at increased risk, but limited evidence inhibits understanding of this phenomenon. The extent of pushing out can be inferred from non-enrolment in administrative data. Objective: To estimate proportions of children not enrolled across secondary school (aged 11–16, up to year 11) and to explore the association between CSC history and non-enrolment in year 10/11. Participants and setting: >1 M pupils in year 7 (aged 11/12) in English state schools, 2011/12 and 2012/13. Methods: We estimated the proportion of children not enrolled across years 8 to 11, disaggregated by CSC history. We assessed with regression modelling the association between CSC history and non-enrolment in years 10/11. Results: Of children without CSC history, 3.8% had ≥1 year not enrolled by year 11. This was higher in those with a history CiN (8.1%), CPP (9.4%) or CLA (10.4%) status. The odds of non-enrolment in years 10/11 were higher among those with CLA history vs non-exposed peers (OR 4.76, 95% CI 4.49–5.05) as well as in those with CPP history (3.60, 3.39–3.81) and CiN history (2.53, 2.49–2.58). History of special educational needs further increased non-enrolment odds, including after confounder adjustment. Conclusions: Findings imply that children with CSC history are more likely to be pushed out from school than children without, especially those with special educational needs. date: 2022-05 date_type: published publisher: Elsevier BV official_url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105582 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green article_type_text: Journal Article verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1944491 doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105582 lyricists_name: Gilbert, Ruth lyricists_name: Jay, Matthew lyricists_name: De Stavola, Bianca lyricists_id: RGILB52 lyricists_id: MAJAY93 lyricists_id: BLDES34 actors_name: Jay, Matthew actors_id: MAJAY93 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: Child Abuse and Neglect volume: 127 article_number: 105582 issn: 0145-2134 citation: Jay, MA; Mc Grath-Lone, L; De Stavola, B; Gilbert, R; (2022) Evaluation of pushing out of children from all English state schools: Administrative data cohort study of children receiving social care and their peers. Child Abuse and Neglect , 127 , Article 105582. 10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105582 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2022.105582>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10145073/1/1-s2.0-S0145213422001028-main.pdf