eprintid: 10144484 rev_number: 8 eprint_status: archive userid: 699 dir: disk0/10/14/44/84 datestamp: 2022-03-02 15:23:42 lastmod: 2022-03-02 15:23:42 status_changed: 2022-03-02 15:23:42 type: article metadata_visibility: show sword_depositor: 699 creators_name: Knowles, Gemma creators_name: Gayer-Anderson, Charlotte creators_name: Turner, Alice creators_name: Dorn, Lynsey creators_name: Lam, Joseph creators_name: Davis, Samantha creators_name: Blakey, Rachel creators_name: Lowis, Katie creators_name: Schools Working Group, creators_name: Young Persons Advisory Group, creators_name: Pinfold, Vanessa creators_name: Creary, Natalie creators_name: Dyer, Jacqui creators_name: Hatch, Stephani L creators_name: Ploubidis, George creators_name: Bhui, Kamaldeep creators_name: Harding, Seeromanie creators_name: Morgan, Craig title: Covid-19, social restrictions, and mental distress among young people: a UK longitudinal, population-based study ispublished: pub divisions: B14 divisions: J81 divisions: B16 divisions: UCL keywords: Covid-19, adolescence, cohort, mental distress note: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third-party material in this article are included in the Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ abstract: BACKGROUND: Adolescence is a critical period for social and emotional development. We sought to examine the impacts of Covid-19 and related social restrictions and school closures on adolescent mental health, particularly among disadvantaged, marginalised, and vulnerable groups. METHODS: We analysed four waves of data - 3 pre-Covid-19 (2016-2019) and 1 mid-Covid-19 (May-Aug 2020; n, 1074; 12-18 years old, >80% minority ethnic groups, 25% free school meals) from REACH (Resilience, Ethnicity, and AdolesCent Mental Health), an adolescent cohort based in inner-London, United Kingdom. Mental health was assessed using validated measures at each time point. We estimated temporal trends in mental distress and examined variations in changes in distress, pre- to mid-Covid-19, by social group, and by pre- and mid-pandemic risks. RESULTS: We found no evidence of an overall increase in mental distress midpandemic (15.9%, 95% CI: 13.0, 19.4) compared with prepandemic (around 18%). However, there were variations in changes in mental distress by subgroups. There were modest variations by social group and by pre-Covid risks (e.g., a small increase in distress among girls (b [unstandardised beta coefficient] 0.42 [-0.19, 1.03]); a small decrease among boys (b - 0.59 [-1.37, 0.19]); p for interaction .007). The most notable variations were by midpandemic risks: that is, broadly, increases in distress among those reporting negative circumstances and impacts (e.g., in finances, housing, social support and relationships, and daily routines) and decreases in distress among those reporting positive impacts. CONCLUSIONS: We found strong evidence that mental distress increased among young people who were most negatively impacted by Covid-19 and by related social restrictions during the first lockdown in the United Kingdom. date: 2022-02-23 date_type: published publisher: Wiley official_url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13586 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1941620 doi: 10.1111/jcpp.13586 medium: Print-Electronic lyricists_name: Ploubidis, George lyricists_id: GPLOU01 actors_name: Kalinowski, Damian actors_id: DKALI47 actors_role: owner funding_acknowledgements: COV0491 [UK Research and Innovation]; ES/S012567/1 [Economic and Social Research Council]; REACH 648837 [H2020 European Research Council] full_text_status: public publication: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry event_location: England citation: Knowles, Gemma; Gayer-Anderson, Charlotte; Turner, Alice; Dorn, Lynsey; Lam, Joseph; Davis, Samantha; Blakey, Rachel; ... Morgan, Craig; + view all <#> Knowles, Gemma; Gayer-Anderson, Charlotte; Turner, Alice; Dorn, Lynsey; Lam, Joseph; Davis, Samantha; Blakey, Rachel; Lowis, Katie; Schools Working Group; Young Persons Advisory Group; Pinfold, Vanessa; Creary, Natalie; Dyer, Jacqui; Hatch, Stephani L; Ploubidis, George; Bhui, Kamaldeep; Harding, Seeromanie; Morgan, Craig; - view fewer <#> (2022) Covid-19, social restrictions, and mental distress among young people: a UK longitudinal, population-based study. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry 10.1111/jcpp.13586 <https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.13586>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10144484/1/Ploubidis_Covid-19%2C%20social%20restrictions%2C%20and%20mental%20distress%20among%20young%20people-%20a%20UK%20longitudinal%2C%20population-based%20study_AOP.pdf