TY - JOUR ID - discovery10144414 IS - 70 UR - https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.04051 VL - 7 A1 - Tranter, Thomas A1 - Timms, Robert A1 - Sulzer, Valentin A1 - Planella, Ferran A1 - Wiggins, Gavin A1 - Karra, Suryanarayana A1 - Agarwal, Priyanshu A1 - Chopra, Saransh A1 - Allu, Srikanth A1 - Shearing, Paul A1 - Brett, Dan AV - public N2 - Electrification of transport and other energy intensive activities is of growing importance as it provides an underpinning method to reduce carbon emissions. With an increase in reliance on renewable sources of energy and a reduction in the use of more predictable fossil fuels in both stationary and mobile applications, energy storage will play a pivotal role and batteries are currently the most widely adopted and versatile form. Therefore, understanding how batteries work, how they degrade, and how to optimize and manage their operation at large scales is critical to achieving emission reduction targets. The electric vehicle (EV) industry requires a considerable number of batteries even for a single vehicle, sometimes numbering in the thousands if smaller cells are used, and the dynamics and degradation of these systems, as well as large stationary power systems, is not that well understood. As increases in the efficiency of a single battery become diminishing for standard commercially available chemistries, gains made at the system level become more important and can potentially be realised more quickly compared with developing new chemistries. Mathematical models and simulations provide a way to address these challenging questions and can aid the engineer and designers of batteries and battery management systems to provide longer lasting and more efficient energy storage systems. JF - Journal of Open Source Software TI - liionpack: A Python package for simulating packs of batteries with PyBaMM Y1 - 2022/// PB - The Open Journal N1 - © The Author 2022. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). ER -