@inproceedings{discovery10143014,
       publisher = {IEEE},
            note = {This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher's terms and conditions.},
           month = {November},
       booktitle = {IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS},
            year = {2021},
           title = {Array-Based Beamforming to the Vertebral Canal: Demonstration of Feasibility},
         journal = {IEEE International Ultrasonics Symposium, IUS},
        abstract = {Focused ultrasound blood-spinal cord barrier opening is a promising new method for improving the non-invasive delivery of therapeutic agents to the spinal cord. A custom 64-element phased array was built, based on the design of a component of a spine-specific array for focusing ultrasound through vertebral laminae and correcting vertebra-induced distortions. Geometric and hydrophone delays were tested in each thoracic vertebra in an ex vivo spine (n=12). Pressure fields were measured in each canal to measure focal aberrations. Geometric delays produced foci shifted by 2.4{$\pm$}1.7 mm from the target, while hydrophone delays produced foci 1.3{$\pm$}1.1 mm from the target. Simulation showed good correlation with hydrophone delays and may be a viable non-invasive method for phase corrections. This work demonstrates the feasibility of transvertebral ultrasound beamforming with a phased-array.},
             url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/IUS52206.2021.9593839},
          author = {Xu, Rui and O'Reilly, Meaghan Anne}
}