eprintid: 10140968 rev_number: 21 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/10/14/09/68 datestamp: 2022-01-07 16:15:03 lastmod: 2022-01-07 16:15:03 status_changed: 2022-01-07 16:15:03 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Budgell, EP creators_name: Davies, T creators_name: Donker, T creators_name: Hopkins, S creators_name: Wyllie, D creators_name: Peto, TEA creators_name: Gill, M creators_name: Llewelyn, MJ creators_name: Walker, AS title: Impact of hospital antibiotic use on patient-level risk of death among 36,124,372 acute and medical admissions in England ispublished: inpress divisions: UCL divisions: B02 divisions: D65 divisions: J38 keywords: Anti-Bacterial Agents, Antimicrobial Stewardship, Electronic Health Records, Mortality, Secondary care note: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher's terms and conditions. abstract: OBJECTIVES: Initiatives to curb hospital antibiotic use might be associated with harm from under-treatment. We examined the extent to which variation in hospital antibiotic prescribing is associated with mortality risk in acute/general medicine inpatients. METHODS: This ecological analysis examined Hospital Episode Statistics from 36,124,372 acute/general medicine admissions (≥16y) to 135 acute hospitals in England, 01/April/2010-31/March/2017. Random-effects meta-regression was used to investigate whether heterogeneity in adjusted 30-day mortality was associated with hospital-level antibiotic use, measured in defined-daily-doses (DDD)/1,000 bed-days. Models also considered DDDs/1,000 admissions and DDDs for narrow-spectrum/broad-spectrum antibiotics, parenteral/oral, and local interpretations of World Health Organization Access, Watch, and Reserve antibiotics. RESULTS: Hospital-level antibiotic DDDs/1,000 bed-days varied 15-fold with comparable variation in broad-spectrum, parenteral, and Reserve antibiotic use. After extensive adjusting for hospital case-mix, the probability of 30-day mortality changed -0.010% (95% CI: -0.064,+0.044) for each increase of 500 hospital-level antibiotic DDDs/1,000 bed-days. Analyses of other metrics of antibiotic use showed no consistent association with mortality risk. CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence that wide variation in hospital antibiotic use is associated with adjusted mortality risk in acute/general medicine inpatients. Using low-prescribing hospitals as benchmarks could help drive safe and substantial reductions in antibiotic consumption of up-to one-third in this population. date: 2021-12-25 date_type: published official_url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.029 oa_status: green full_text_type: other language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1911660 doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.029 pii: S0163-4453(21)00648-4 lyricists_name: Walker, Ann lyricists_id: ASWAL40 actors_name: Barczynska, Patrycja actors_id: PBARC91 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: Journal of Infection event_location: England issn: 1532-2742 citation: Budgell, EP; Davies, T; Donker, T; Hopkins, S; Wyllie, D; Peto, TEA; Gill, M; ... Walker, AS; + view all <#> Budgell, EP; Davies, T; Donker, T; Hopkins, S; Wyllie, D; Peto, TEA; Gill, M; Llewelyn, MJ; Walker, AS; - view fewer <#> (2021) Impact of hospital antibiotic use on patient-level risk of death among 36,124,372 acute and medical admissions in England. Journal of Infection 10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.029 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2021.12.029>. (In press). Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10140968/1/Walker_1-s2.0-S0163445321006484-main.pdf