eprintid: 10140960 rev_number: 28 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/10/14/09/60 datestamp: 2022-01-07 17:34:02 lastmod: 2022-08-24 06:12:31 status_changed: 2022-01-07 17:34:02 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Neuen, BL creators_name: Oshima, M creators_name: Perkovic, V creators_name: Agarwal, R creators_name: Arnott, C creators_name: Bakris, G creators_name: Cannon, CP creators_name: Charytan, DM creators_name: Edwards, R creators_name: Górriz, JL creators_name: Jardine, MJ creators_name: Levin, A creators_name: Neal, B creators_name: De Nicola, L creators_name: Pollock, C creators_name: Rosenthal, N creators_name: Wheeler, DC creators_name: Mahaffey, KW creators_name: Heerspink, HJL title: Effects of canagliflozin on serum potassium in people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease: the CREDENCE trial. ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B02 divisions: C10 divisions: D17 divisions: G93 keywords: Canagliflozin, Chronic kidney disease, Hyperkalaemia, Potassium, SGLT2 inhibitors, Type 2 diabetes mellitus note: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher's terms and conditions. abstract: Aims: Hyperkalaemia is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and limits the optimal use of agents that block the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In patients with CKD, sodium‒glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors provide cardiorenal protection, but whether they affect the risk of hyperkalaemia remains uncertain. Methods and results: The CREDENCE trial randomized 4401 participants with T2DM and CKD to the SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin or matching placebo. In this post hoc analysis using an intention-to-treat approach, we assessed the effect of canagliflozin on a composite outcome of time to either investigator-reported hyperkalaemia or the initiation of potassium binders. We also analysed effects on central laboratory-determined hyper- and hypokalaemia (serum potassium ≥6.0 and <3.5 mmol/L, respectively) and change in serum potassium. At baseline, the mean serum potassium in canagliflozin and placebo arms was 4.5 mmol/L; 4395 (99.9%) participants were receiving renin–angiotensin system blockade. The incidence of investigator-reported hyperkalaemia or initiation of potassium binders was lower with canagliflozin than with placebo [occurring in 32.7 vs. 41.9 participants per 1000 patient-years; hazard ratio (HR) 0.78, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.64–0.95, P = 0.014]. Canagliflozin similarly reduced the incidence of laboratory-determined hyperkalaemia (HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.61–0.98, P = 0.031), with no effect on the risk of hypokalaemia (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.71–1.20, P = 0.53). The mean serum potassium over time with canagliflozin was similar to that of placebo. // Conclusion: Among patients treated with renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system inhibitors, SGLT2 inhibition with canagliflozin may reduce the risk of hyperkalaemia in people with T2DM and CKD without increasing the risk of hypokalaemia. date: 2021-12-21 date_type: published official_url: https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehab497 oa_status: green full_text_type: other language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green article_type_text: Journal Article verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1890591 doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab497 pii: 6356221 lyricists_name: Wheeler, David lyricists_id: DWHEE12 actors_name: Barczynska, Patrycja actors_id: PBARC91 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: European Heart Journal volume: 42 number: 48 pagerange: 4891-4901 event_location: England issn: 1522-9645 citation: Neuen, BL; Oshima, M; Perkovic, V; Agarwal, R; Arnott, C; Bakris, G; Cannon, CP; ... Heerspink, HJL; + view all <#> Neuen, BL; Oshima, M; Perkovic, V; Agarwal, R; Arnott, C; Bakris, G; Cannon, CP; Charytan, DM; Edwards, R; Górriz, JL; Jardine, MJ; Levin, A; Neal, B; De Nicola, L; Pollock, C; Rosenthal, N; Wheeler, DC; Mahaffey, KW; Heerspink, HJL; - view fewer <#> (2021) Effects of canagliflozin on serum potassium in people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease: the CREDENCE trial. European Heart Journal , 42 (48) pp. 4891-4901. 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab497 <https://doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj%2Fehab497>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10140960/1/Wheeler_CREDENCE_hyperkalemia_EHJsubmission_final%20as%20resubmitted.pdf