?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Multilevel+Governance+of+Global+Climate+Change%3A+Problems%2C+Policies+and+Politics.&rft.creator=Coen%2C+D&rft.creator=Kreienkamp%2C+J&rft.creator=Pegram%2C+T&rft.creator=Bal%2C+C&rft.description=How+do+global+and+regional+climate+targets%2C+rules%2C+policies%2C+and+standards+emerge+and+under+which+conditions+are+they+effectively+enabled+within+domestic+political+systems%3F+When+and+how+do+national+policy+innovations+diffuse+and+who+are+the+principle+actors+involved%3F+This+paper+aims+to+shed+light+on+the+multilevel+intermediation+processes+that+shape+climate+policy+development+and+implementation%2C+with+a+particular+focus+the+interplay+between+the+United+Nations+Framework+Convention+on+Climate+Change+(UNFCCC)%2C+regional+multilateral+institutions%2C+and+their+member+states.+As+per+the+original+project+deliverable%2C+the+aim+of+this+study+is+both+descriptive+%E2%80%93+providing+a+detailed+and+historical+perspective+on+%E2%80%9Cmulti-level+implementation+of+the+UNFCCC+regime+through+coordinated+action+within+and+between+member+states%E2%80%9D+%E2%80%93+as+well+as+analytical%2C+namely%2C+to+assess+its+%E2%80%9Ceffectiveness+and+ability+to+accelerate+climate+governance+implementation%E2%80%9D.+It+builds+upon+earlier+ground-clearing+research+that+produced+a+comprehensive+mapping+of+the+current+UNFCCC+regime+and+the+wider+climate+governance+regime+complex%2C+illuminating+scope+for+action+by+a+wide+variety+of+actors+at+all+scales%2C+from+the+sub-national+to+the+highest+global+level+of+political+assembly+(Coen%2C+Kreienkamp%2C+and+Pegram+2020).+By+focusing+on+interscalar+interactions+on+the+regional+level%2C+this+paper+zeroes+in+on+particularly+important+dynamics+within+this+complex+ecosystem+of+global+climate+governance.+More+specifically%2C+we+compare+governance+arrangements+in+the+European+Union+(EU)%2C+where+supranational+climate+policymaking+is+most+advanced%2C+to+those+in+the+Association+of+Southeast+Asian+Nations+(ASEAN)%2C+where+regional+cooperation+on+climate+change+remains+very+limited.1+Regional+organizations+provide+an+instructive+domain+of+analysis+because+they+sit+neither+at+the+%E2%80%9Ctop%E2%80%9D+nor+at+the+%E2%80%9Cbottom%E2%80%9D+of+the+global+climate+change+regime%2C+providing+vital+governance+(regulatory)+as+well+as+meta-governance+(steering)+functions.2+Although+there+are+significant+differences+between+the+EU+and+ASEAN%2C+both+case+studies+point+to+linkages+between+global%2C+regional%2C+and+national+climate+governance%2C+with+the+international+framework+setting+boundary+conditions+for+regional+and+national+policy+development+and+vice+versa.+However%2C+while+these+linkages+have%2C+at+several+points+in+time%2C+accelerated+policymaking+processes+in+the+EU%2C+they+have+created+few+opportunities+for+significant+policy+change+within+ASEAN.+Whereas+our+previous+mapping+of+the+global+climate+governance+landscape+employed+scholarship+on+regime+complexity+to+illustrate+the+growing+institutional+diversity+on+the+inter-+1+This+emulates+recent+scholarship+seeking+to+advance+comparative+leverage+between+the+EU+and+ASEAN+focused+on+institutional+design%2C+in+light+of+temporal+and+spatial+variation+in+regional+integration+processes+(Hofmann+and+Yeo+2017).+2+Meta-governance+arrangements+do+not+regulate+or+govern+directly+but+rather+engage+in+the+%E2%80%9Corganization+of+self-organization%E2%80%9D+by+providing+ground+rules+for+and+ensuring+the+coherence+and+consistency+of+different+governance+regimes+and+mechanisms%2C+whether+through+networks%2C+markets%2C+or+hierarchical+steering+(Jessop+1998%2C+p.+42).+4+and+transnational+level%2C+this+paper+aims+to+provide+a+more+sophisticated+account+of+the+governance+dynamics+playing+out+within+this+cluster+of+institutional+arrangements+through+a+multilevel+governance+(MLG)+lens.+Given+space+constraints%2C+our+focus+is+on+the+UNFCCC+regime%2C+which+remains+at+the+core+of+the+broader+climate+regime+complex+(Keohane+and+Victor+2011).+While+the+regime+complexity+literature+is+primarily+concerned+with+the+rising+density+of+institutions+on+the+same+level+of+governance+and+the+resulting+proliferation+of+overlapping+rules+(Alter+and+Meunier+2009)%2C+MLG+is+more+concerned+with+linkages+and+interactions+between+multiple+scales+and+levels+of+governance+and+how+this+affects+where+policymaking+authority+is+located.+This+provides+a+useful+frame+for+exploring+if%2C+how%2C+when%2C+and+why+the+UNFCCC+regime+affects+the+design+of+regional+and+national+institutional+arrangements+and+how%2C+in+turn%2C+actors+at+various+levels+of+governance+seek+to+shape+the+rules+and+institutions+that+make+up+the+regime.+We+show+how+MLG+structures+can+be+exploited+by+progressive+policy+entrepreneurs%2C+who+advance+novel+policy+solutions%2C+as+well+as+policy+obstructers+who%2C+for+various+reasons%2C+are+invested+in+the+status-quo.+To+do+so%2C+we+employ+John+Kingdon%E2%80%99s+(1984)+multiple+streams+framework+(MSF)%2C+which+highlights+both+the+structural+conditions+that+facilitate+or+impede+non-incremental+policy+change+%E2%80%93+problem+perception%2C+availability+of+policy+solutions%2C+and+political+willingness+%E2%80%93+as+well+as+the+ability+of+different+agents+to+exploit+these+conditions.+Understanding+these+processes%2C+and+under+which+conditions+they+result+in+more+ambitious+climate+action%2C+is+vital+for+any+efforts+to+make+existing+governance+arrangements+more+effective.+As+such%2C+this+paper+speaks+not+just+to+scholars+of+global+governance%2C+International+Relations%2C+public+policy%2C+and+related+disciplines+but+first+and+foremost+to+policymakers+at+various+levels+of+decision-making%2C+seeking+to+better+understand+and+reform+policy+processes.+We+supplement+the+EU+and+ASEAN+case+studies+%E2%80%93+which+focus+primarily+on+vertical+interactions+in+multilevel+governance+arrangements+%E2%80%93+with+a+case+study+on+transnational+policy+diffusion%2C+tracing+how+national+climate+framework+laws+have+emerged+as+important+governance+tools+for+internalizing+UNFCCC+rules+and+norms%2C+mostly+in+Europe+but+increasingly+beyond.+Climate+laws+are+significant+because+they+enshrine+binding+long-term+mitigation+targets+and+establish+overarching+governance+frameworks+to+realize+these+targets.+While+they+have+primarily+diffused+horizontally%2C+we+also+document+how+policy+entrepreneurs+have+recently+managed+to+%E2%80%9Cupload%E2%80%9D+the+concept+to+the+EU-level.+Some+design+elements+of+climate+framework+laws+are+even+reflected+in+the+Paris+Agreement.+Because+the+latter+does+not+set+legally+binding+mitigation+targets+for+individual+countries%2C+relying+instead+on+voluntary+national+commitments%2C+climate+laws+can+provide+an+important+%E2%80%9Clink+between+international+obligations+and+national+policymaking%E2%80%9D+(Nash+and+Steurer+2019%2C+p.+1061).+However%2C+for+mitigation+commitments+to+be+meaningful%2C+accountability+structures+must+be+in+place+to+ensure+that+targets+are+grounded+in+science+and+implemented+effectively.+As+we+will+show%2C+independent+climate+advisory+bodies+5+(ICABs)+can+play+an+important+role+in+this+regard+%E2%80%93+but+only+if+they+are+properly+resourced+and+vested+with+requisite+powers.+To+date%2C+only+a+handful+of+countries%2C+primarily+in+Europe%2C+have+implemented+strong+and+robust+climate+laws%2C+with+ambitious+and+quantifiable+long-term+targets%2C+clear+governance+provisions%2C+and+ICABs+that+are+not+just+offering+scientific+advice+but+also+rigid+progress+monitoring.+Meanwhile%2C+in+the+ASEAN+region%2C+long-standing+structural+limitations+to+political+accountability%2C+participation%2C+and+civil+society+engagement+have+impeded+the+development+of+climate+laws+and+formal+ICABs.+However%2C+as+we+will+argue%2C+the+emergence+of+informal+monitoring+regimes+comprised+of+domestic+civil+society+organizations+could+provide+an+alternative%2C+albeit+%E2%80%9Csofter%E2%80%9D%2C+avenue+for+driving+more+ambitious+climate+action+and+holding+governments+to+account.+This+paper+begins+by+introducing+multilevel+governance+(MLG)+and+the+multiple+streams+framework+(MSF)%2C+which+provide+the+theoretical+anchor+for+our+case+studies.+We+then+apply+these+concepts+to+reflect+on+the+development+of+climate+governance+in+the+EU%2C+with+particular+focus+on+the+interplay+between+the+EU+and+the+UNFCCC.+This+is+followed+by+a+case+study+on+ASEAN%2C+where+regional+climate+governance+structures+are+much+less+developed+and+there+is+little+coordinated+engagement+with+the+UNFCCC+regime.+To+illustrate+the+diversity+of+national+approaches+within+ASEAN+and+identify+obstacles+and+opportunities+for+more+sophisticated+climate+governance+arrangements%2C+we+supplement+the+regional+case+study+with+reflections+on+the+current+situation+in+Indonesia+and+Singapore.+The+next+part+of+the+paper+focuses+on+national+climate+framework+laws%2C+explaining+their+emergence+and+ongoing+diffusion+as+well+as+weighing+in+on+their+potential+as+innovative+governance+solutions.+The+paper+concludes+by+reflecting+on+the+future+of+global%2C+regional%2C+and+national+climate+governance+in+light+of+conflicting+problem+definitions+and+the+need+for+urgent+action%2C+even+in+the+face+of+other+pressing+challenges%2C+such+as+the+coronavirus+(COVID-19)+pandemic.&rft.publisher=European+Commission&rft.date=2020-11-30&rft.type=Report&rft.language=eng&rft.source=++++(H2020+Global+Reports++WP5.3+%2C+pp.+pp.+1-134+).+European+Commission%3A+Barcelona%2C+Spain.+++++&rft.format=text&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.ucl.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F10140072%2F1%2Fmultilevel-governance-of-global-climate-change-problems-policies-and-politics_WP5.3.pdf&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.ucl.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F10140072%2F&rft.rights=open