TY - INPR AV - public EP - 26 KW - Mindfulness KW - Meditation KW - Intervention KW - Neuropsychology KW - Elder KW - Aging N2 - Mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) are increasingly utilized to improve mental health. Interest in the putative effects of MBPs on cognitive function is also growing. This is the first meta-analysis of objective cognitive outcomes across multiple domains from randomized MBP studies of adults. Seven databases were systematically searched to January 2020. Fifty-six unique studies (n?=?2,931) were included, of which 45 (n?=?2,238) were synthesized using robust variance estimation meta-analysis. Meta-regression and subgroup analyses evaluated moderators. Pooling data across cognitive domains, the summary effect size for all studies favored MBPs over comparators and was small in magnitude (g?=?0.15; [0.05, 0.24]). Across subgroup analyses of individual cognitive domains/subdomains, MBPs outperformed comparators for executive function (g?=?0.15; [0.02, 0.27]) and working memory outcomes (g?=?0.23; [0.11, 0.36]) only. Subgroup analyses identified significant effects for studies of non-clinical samples, as well as for adults aged over 60. Across all studies, MBPs outperformed inactive, but not active comparators. Limitations include the primarily unclear within-study risk of bias (only a minority of studies were considered low risk), and that statistical constraints rendered some p-values unreliable. Together, results partially corroborate the hypothesized link between mindfulness practices and cognitive performance. This review was registered with PROSPERO [CRD42018100904]. A1 - Whitfield, T A1 - Barnhofer, T A1 - Acabchuk, R A1 - Cohen, A A1 - Lee, M A1 - Schlosser, M A1 - Arenaza-Urquijo, EM A1 - Bottcher, A A1 - Britton, W A1 - Coll-Padros, N A1 - Collette, F A1 - Chetelat, G A1 - Dautricourt, S A1 - Demnitz-King, H A1 - Dumais, T A1 - Klimecki, O A1 - Meiberth, D A1 - Moulinet, I A1 - Muller, T A1 - Parsons, E A1 - Sager, L A1 - Sannemann, L A1 - Scharf, J A1 - Schild, A-K A1 - Touron, E A1 - Wirth, M A1 - Walker, Z A1 - Moitra, E A1 - Lutz, A A1 - Lazar, SW A1 - Vago, D A1 - Marchant, NL PB - SPRINGER JF - Neuropsychology Review N1 - © 2021 Springer Nature Switzerland AG. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). TI - The Effect of Mindfulness-based Programs on Cognitive Function in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Y1 - 2021/08/04/ UR - https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-021-09519-y ID - discovery10132813 ER -