TY - JOUR A1 - Leach, JDG A1 - Vlahov, N A1 - Tsantoulis, P A1 - Ridgway, RA A1 - Flanagan, DJ A1 - Gilroy, K A1 - Sphyris, N A1 - Vázquez, EG A1 - Vincent, DF A1 - Faller, WJ A1 - Hodder, MC A1 - Raven, A A1 - Fey, S A1 - Najumudeen, AK A1 - Strathdee, D A1 - Nixon, C A1 - Hughes, M A1 - Clark, W A1 - Shaw, R A1 - S:CORT consortium A1 - van Hooff, SR A1 - Huels, DJ A1 - Medema, JP A1 - Barry, ST A1 - Frame, MC A1 - Unciti-Broceta, A A1 - Leedham, SJ A1 - Inman, GJ A1 - Jackstadt, R A1 - Thompson, BJ A1 - Campbell, AD A1 - Tejpar, S A1 - Sansom, OJ KW - Adaptor Proteins KW - Signal Transducing KW - Animals KW - Carcinogenesis KW - Cell Differentiation KW - Cell Survival KW - Colon KW - Colonic Neoplasms KW - Epithelial Cells KW - Fetus KW - Inflammation KW - Kaplan-Meier Estimate KW - MAP Kinase Signaling System KW - Mice KW - Inbred C57BL KW - Mutation KW - Prognosis KW - Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf KW - Receptor KW - Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I KW - Receptors KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta KW - Signal Transduction KW - Spheroids KW - Cellular KW - Transcription Factors KW - Transforming Growth Factor beta KW - Wnt Proteins KW - Wnt Signaling Pathway JF - Nature Communications UR - https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-23717-5 N2 - Right-sided (proximal) colorectal cancer (CRC) has a poor prognosis and a distinct mutational profile, characterized by oncogenic BRAF mutations and aberrations in mismatch repair and TGF? signalling. Here, we describe a mouse model of right-sided colon cancer driven by oncogenic BRAF and loss of epithelial TGF?-receptor signalling. The proximal colonic tumours that develop in this model exhibit a foetal-like progenitor phenotype (Ly6a/Sca1+) and, importantly, lack expression of Lgr5 and its associated intestinal stem cell signature. These features are recapitulated in human BRAF-mutant, right-sided CRCs and represent fundamental differences between left- and right-sided disease. Microbial-driven inflammation supports the initiation and progression of these tumours with foetal-like characteristics, consistent with their predilection for the microbe-rich right colon and their antibiotic sensitivity. While MAPK-pathway activating mutations drive this foetal-like signature via ERK-dependent activation of the transcriptional coactivator YAP, the same foetal-like transcriptional programs are also initiated by inflammation in a MAPK-independent manner. Importantly, in both contexts, epithelial TGF?-receptor signalling is instrumental in suppressing the tumorigenic potential of these foetal-like progenitor cells. ID - discovery10130448 N1 - This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article?s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article?s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. AV - public Y1 - 2021/06/08/ VL - 12 TI - Oncogenic BRAF, unrestrained by TGF?-receptor signalling, drives right-sided colonic tumorigenesis. ER -