TY - JOUR TI - Development of the Video Analysis Scale of Engagement (VASE) for people with advanced dementia [version 2; peer review: 2 approved with reservations] JF - Wellcome Open Research PB - F1000 Research Ltd VL - 5 AV - public KW - dementia KW - observational measurement KW - video recording KW - engagement KW - neurocognitive disorder KW - quality of life KW - wellbeing N2 - Background: The current study sought to develop a valid, reliable and unobtrusive tablet computer-based observational measure to assess engagement of people with advanced dementia. The Video Analysis Scale of Engagement (VASE) was designed to enable the rating of moment-by-moment changes in engagement during an activity, which would be useful for both future research and current residential care. Methods: An initial version of the VASE was tested. Face validity and content validity were assessed to validate an operational definition of engagement and develop an acceptable protocol for the scale. Thirtyseven non-professional and professional volunteers were recruited to view and rate level of engagement in music activities using the VASE. Results: An inter-class coefficient (ICC) test gave a high level of rating agreement across professionals and non-professionals. However, the ICC results of within-professionals were mixed. Linear mixed modelling suggested that the types of interventions (active or passive music listening), the particular intervention session being rated, time period of video and the age of raters could affect the ratings. Conclusions: Results suggested that raters used the VASE in a dynamic fashion and that the measure was able to distinguish between interventions. Further investigation and adjustments are warranted for this to be considered a valid and reliable scale in the measurement of engagement of people with advanced dementia in a residential care setting. ID - discovery10128801 UR - http://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16189.2 N1 - This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Y1 - 2021/05/20/ A1 - Daniel Lai, LL A1 - Crutch, SJ A1 - West, J A1 - Harding, E A1 - Brotherhood, EV A1 - Takhar, R A1 - Firth, N A1 - Camic, PM ER -