TY - JOUR ID - discovery10122470 N2 - Alpha-synuclein (?-syn) fibrils, a major constituent of the neurotoxic Lewy Bodies in Parkinson?s disease, form via nucleation dependent polymerization and can replicate by a seeding mechanism. Brazilin, a small molecule derived from red cedarwood trees in Brazil, has been shown to inhibit the fibrillogenesis of amyloid-beta (A?) and ?-syn as well as remodel mature fibrils and reduce cytotoxicity. Here we test the effects of Brazilin on both seeded and unseeded ?-syn fibril formation and show that the natural polyphenol inhibits fibrillogenesis of ?-syn by a unique mechanism that alters conformational equilibria in two separate points of the assembly mechanism: Brazilin preserves the natively unfolded state of ?-syn by specifically binding to the compact conformation of the ?-syn monomer. Brazilin also eliminates seeding competence of ?-syn assemblies from Parkinson?s disease patient brain tissue, and reduces toxicity of pre-formed assemblies in primary neurons by inducing the formation of large fibril clusters. Molecular docking of Brazilin shows the molecule to interact both with unfolded ?-syn monomers and with the cross-? sheet structure of ?-syn fibrils. Our findings suggest that Brazilin has substantial potential as a neuroprotective and therapeutic agent for Parkinson?s Disease. UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2021.166878 PB - Elsevier BV JF - Journal of Molecular Biology KW - alpha-synuclein KW - Brazilin KW - Amyloid KW - Parkinson?s Disease KW - Polyphenol KW - Natural Compound KW - Neurodegeneration KW - RT-QuIC KW - Docking KW - Neurotoxicity A1 - Nahass, GR A1 - Sun, Y A1 - Xu, Y A1 - Batchelor, M A1 - Reilly, M A1 - Benilova, I A1 - Kedia, N A1 - Spehar, K A1 - Sobott, F A1 - Sessions, RB A1 - Caughey, BW A1 - Radford, SE A1 - Jat, P A1 - Collinge, J A1 - Bieschke, J TI - Brazilin Removes Toxic Alpha-Synuclein and Seeding Competent Assemblies from Parkinson Brain by Altering Conformational Equilibrium VL - 433 AV - public Y1 - 2021/04/16/ N1 - This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher?s terms and conditions. IS - 8 ER -