@article{discovery10118425,
            note = {This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.},
           pages = {3569--3581},
         journal = {Psychopharmacology},
            year = {2020},
           title = {Dissociable dopaminergic and pavlovian influences in goal-trackers and sign-trackers on a model of compulsive checking in OCD},
           month = {December},
          volume = {237},
       publisher = {SPRINGER},
        keywords = {Obsessive-compulsive disorder . Sign-tracking . Goal-tracking . Quinpirole . Pavlovian . Rat},
          author = {Eagle, DM and Schepisi, C and Chugh, S and Desai, S and Han, SYS and Huang, T and Lee, JJ and Sobala, C and Ye, W and Milton, AL and Robbins, TW},
             url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s00213-020-05636-3},
        abstract = {Rationale: Checking is a functional behaviour that provides information to guide behaviour. However, in obsessive-compulsive
disorder (OCD), checking may escalate to dysfunctional levels. The processes underpinning the transition from functional to
dysfunctional checking are unclear but may be associated with individual differences that support the development of maladaptive behaviour. We examined one such predisposition, sign-tracking to a pavlovian conditioned stimulus, which we previously
found associated with dysfunctional checking. How sign-tracking interacts with another treatment with emerging translational
validity for OCD-like checking, chronic administration of the dopamine D2 receptor agonist quinpirole, is unknown.
Objectives: We tested how functional and dysfunctional checking in the rat observing response task (ORT) was affected by
chronic quinpirole administration in non-autoshaped controls and autoshaped animals classified as sign-trackers or goal-trackers.
Methods: Sign-trackers or goal-trackers were trained on the ORT before the effects of chronic quinpirole administration on
checking were assessed. Subsequently, the effects on checking of different behavioural challenges, including reward omission
and the use of unpredictable reinforcement schedules, were tested.
Results: Prior autoshaping increased checking. Sign-trackers and goal-trackers responded differently to quinpirole sensitization,
reward omission and reinforcement uncertainty. Sign-trackers showed greater elevations in dysfunctional checking, particularly
during uncertainty. By contrast, goal-trackers predominantly increased functional checking responses, possibly in response to
reduced discrimination accuracy in the absence of cues signalling which lever was currently active.
Conclusions: The results are discussed in terms of how pavlovian associations influence behaviour that becomes compulsive in
OCD and how this may be dependent on striatal dopamine D2 receptors}
}