eprintid: 10117176 rev_number: 14 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/10/11/71/76 datestamp: 2020-12-10 13:07:54 lastmod: 2021-10-28 22:17:36 status_changed: 2020-12-10 13:07:54 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Lavallee, Y creators_name: Benson, PM creators_name: Heap, MJ creators_name: Flaws, A creators_name: Hess, K-U creators_name: Dingwell, DB title: Volcanic conduit failure as a trigger to magma fragmentation ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B04 divisions: C06 divisions: F57 note: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. abstract: In the assessment of volcanic risk, it is often assumed that magma ascending at a slow rate will erupt effusively, whereas magma ascending at fast rate will lead to an explosive eruption. Mechanistically viewed, this assessment is supported by the notion that the viscoelastic nature of magma (i.e., the ability of magma to relax at an applied strain rate), linked via the gradient of flow pressure (related to discharge rate), controls the eruption style. In such an analysis, the physical interactions between the magma and the conduit wall are commonly, to a first order, neglected. Yet, during ascent, magma must force its way through the volcanic edifice/structure, whose presence and form may greatly affect the stress field through which the magma is trying to ascend. Here, we demonstrate that fracturing of the conduit wall via flow pressure releases an elastic shock resulting in fracturing of the viscous magma itself. We find that magma fragmentation occurred at strain rates seven orders of magnitude slower than theoretically anticipated from the applied axial strain rate. Our conclusion, that the discharge rate cannot provide a reliable indication of ascending magma rheology without knowledge of conduit wall stability, has important ramifications for volcanic hazard assessment. New numerical simulations are now needed in order to integrate magma/conduit interaction into eruption models. date: 2012 date_type: published publisher: SPRINGER official_url: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-011-0544-2 oa_status: green full_text_type: other language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1440649 doi: 10.1007/s00445-011-0544-2 lyricists_name: Benson, Philip lyricists_id: PMBEN89 actors_name: Jayawardana, Anusha actors_id: AJAYA51 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: Bulletin of Volcanology volume: 74 pagerange: 11-13 pages: 3 issn: 1432-0819 citation: Lavallee, Y; Benson, PM; Heap, MJ; Flaws, A; Hess, K-U; Dingwell, DB; (2012) Volcanic conduit failure as a trigger to magma fragmentation. Bulletin of Volcanology , 74 pp. 11-13. 10.1007/s00445-011-0544-2 <https://doi.org/10.1007/s00445-011-0544-2>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10117176/1/Benson_BullVolc%20Lavallee-conduit%20FNL.pdf