?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Initial+Estimates+On+Shipping%E2%80%99s+Cost+Impacts+and+Emissions+for+a+Range+of+Policy+Options+-+A+Prototype+Model&rft.creator=Smith%2C+TWP&rft.creator=Barrett%2C+M&rft.creator=O'Keefe%2C+E&rft.creator=Parker%2C+S&rft.creator=Rehmatulla%2C+N&rft.description=Shipping+was+estimated%2C+in+2007%2C+to+be+responsible+for+3.3%25+of+anthropogenic+CO2+emissions.+Scenarios+for%0D%0Afuture+growth+in+transport+demand+suggest+that+this+share+could+substantially+increase+in+the+next+40+years%2C+and%0D%0Awithout+regulation+the+growth+in+emissions+associated+with+that+demand+growth+would+be+uncontrolled.%0D%0AModelling+can+be+used+to+understand+the+potential+trajectories+of+emissions+from+the+shipping+industry+and+its%0D%0Apotential+development+and+impacts+under+foreseeable+economic+scenarios.+Modelling+can+also+be+used+to%0D%0Aestimate+the+response+(in+terms+of+changes+to+those+emissions+trajectories+and+impacts+on+the+industry)+due+to%0D%0Ahypothetical+regulation+and+policies.+This+paper+proposes+methods+for+conceptualizing+the+different+components%0D%0Aof+the+shipping+industry+for+these+purposes.&rft.subject=ship%2C+economics%2C+energy+efficiency%2C+policy&rft.date=2011-11-30&rft.type=Proceedings+paper&rft.publisher=Low+Carbon+Shipping&rft.source=+++++In%3A+++(Proceedings)+Low+Carbon+Shipping.++++(2011)+++++&rft.format=text&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.ucl.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F10116126%2F1%2FSmith%2520et%2520al%2520%25282010%2529%2520Initial%2520Estimates%2520on%2520Shipping%2527s%2520Cost%252C%2520Impacts%2520and%2520Emissions%2520for%2520a%2520range%2520of%2520Policy%2520Options.pdf&rft.identifier=https%3A%2F%2Fdiscovery.ucl.ac.uk%2Fid%2Feprint%2F10116126%2F&rft.rights=open