@article{discovery10115394,
         journal = {Nature Communications},
          number = {1},
           title = {Tree mode of death and mortality risk factors across Amazon forests},
            year = {2020},
           month = {December},
          volume = {11},
            note = {Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.},
             url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-18996-3},
          author = {Esquivel-Muelbert, A and Phillips, OL and Brienen, RJW and Fauset, S and Sullivan, MJP and Baker, TR and Chao, KJ and Feldpausch, TR and Gloor, E and Higuchi, N and Houwing-Duistermaat, J and Lloyd, J and Liu, H and Malhi, Y and Marimon, B and Marimon, Junior, BH and Monteagudo-Mendoza, A and Poorter, L and Silveira, M and Torre, EV and D{\'a}vila, EA and del Aguila Pasquel, J and Almeida, E and Loayza, PA and Andrade, A and Arag{\~a}o, LEOC and Araujo-Murakami, A and Arets, E and Arroyo, L and Aymard C, GA and Baisie, M and Baraloto, C and Camargo, PB and Barroso, J and Blanc, L and Bonal, D and Bongers, F and Boot, R and Brown, F and Burban, B and Camargo, JL and Castro, W and Moscoso, VC and Chave, J and Comiskey, J and Valverde, FC and da Costa, AL and Cardozo, ND and Di Fiore, A and Dourdain, A and Erwin, T and Llampazo, GF and Vieira, ICG and Herrera, R and Honorio Coronado, E and Huamantupa-Chuquimaco, I and Jimenez-Rojas, E and Killeen, T and Laurance, S and Laurance, W and Levesley, A and Lewis, SL and Ladvocat, KLLM and Lopez-Gonzalez, G and Lovejoy, T and Meir, P and Mendoza, C and Morandi, P and Neill, D and Nogueira Lima, AJ and Vargas, PN and de Oliveira, EA and Camacho, NP and Pardo, G and Peacock, J and Pe{\~n}a-Claros, M and Pe{\~n}uela-Mora, MC and Pickavance, G and Pipoly, J and Pitman, N and Prieto, A and Pugh, TAM and Quesada, C and Ramirez-Angulo, H and de Almeida Reis, SM and Rejou-Machain, M and Correa, ZR and Bayona, LR and Rudas, A and Salom{\~a}o, R and Serrano, J and Espejo, JS and Silva, N and Singh, J and Stahl, C and Stropp, J and Swamy, V and Talbot, J and ter Steege, H and Terborgh, J},
        abstract = {The�carbon sink capacity of tropical forests�is substantially affected by tree mortality. However, the main drivers of tropical�tree death remain largely unknown. Here we present a pan-Amazonian assessment of how and why trees die, analysing over 120,000 trees representing {\ensuremath{>}} 3800 species from 189 long-term�RAINFOR forest plots. While tree mortality rates vary greatly Amazon-wide, on average trees are as likely to die standing as they are broken or uprooted-modes of death with different ecological consequences. Species-level growth rate is the single�most important predictor of tree death in Amazonia, with faster-growing species being at�higher risk. Within species, however, the slowest-growing trees are at greatest risk while the effect of tree size varies across the basin. In the driest Amazonian region�species-level bioclimatic distributional patterns also predict the risk of death, suggesting that these forests are experiencing climatic conditions beyond their adaptative limits. These results provide not only a�holistic pan-Amazonian picture of tree death but large-scale�evidence for the overarching importance of the growth-survival trade-off in driving tropical�tree mortality.}
}