@article{discovery10111408,
            year = {2020},
          volume = {17},
           month = {October},
          number = {10},
         journal = {PLOS Medicine},
           title = {Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in people with an acute loss in their sense of smell and/or taste in a community-based population in London, UK: An observational cohort study},
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             url = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003358},
          author = {Makaronidis, J and Mok, J and Balogun, N and Magee, CG and Omar, RZ and Carnemolla, A and Batterham, RL},
        abstract = {BACKGROUND: Loss of smell and taste are commonly reported symptoms associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies in people with acute loss of smell and/or taste is unknown. The study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in a community-based population with acute loss of smell and/or taste and to compare the frequency of COVID-19 associated symptoms in participants with and without SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. It also evaluated whether smell or taste loss are indicative of COVID-19 infection. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Text messages, sent via primary care centers in London, United Kingdom, invited people with loss of smell and/or taste in the preceding month, to participate. Recruitment took place between 23 April 2020 and 14 May 2020. A total of 590 participants enrolled via a web-based platform and responded to questions about loss of smell and taste and other COVID-19-related symptoms. Mean age was 39.4 years (SD {$\pm$} 12.0) and 69.1\% (n = 392) of participants were female. A total of 567 (96.1\%) had a telemedicine consultation during which their COVID-19-related symptoms were verified and a lateral flow immunoassay test that detected SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies was undertaken under medical supervision. A total of 77.6\% of 567 participants with acute smell and/or taste loss had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies; of these, 39.8\% (n = 175) had neither cough nor fever. New loss of smell was more prevalent in participants with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, compared with those without antibodies (93.4\% versus 78.7\%, p {\ensuremath{<}} 0.001), whereas taste loss was equally prevalent (90.2\% versus 89.0\%, p = 0.738). Seropositivity for SARS-CoV-2 was 3 times more likely in participants with smell loss (OR 2.86; 95\% CI 1.27-6.36; p {\ensuremath{<}} 0.001) compared with those with taste loss. The limitations of this study are the lack of a general population control group, the self-reported nature of the smell and taste changes, and the fact our methodology does not take into account the possibility that a population subset may not seroconvert to develop SARS-CoV-2 antibodies post-COVID-19. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that recent loss of smell is a highly specific COVID-19 symptom and should be considered more generally in guiding case isolation, testing, and treatment of COVID-19. TRIALS REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04377815.},
        keywords = {Smell, SARS CoV 2, COVID 19, Virus testing, Taste, Sensory perception, Antibodies, Coughing}
}