eprintid: 10106670 rev_number: 16 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/10/10/66/70 datestamp: 2020-08-04 09:36:02 lastmod: 2021-09-21 22:09:06 status_changed: 2020-08-04 09:36:02 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Warwick Vesztrocy, A creators_name: Dessimoz, C title: Benchmarking gene ontology function predictions using negative annotations ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B02 divisions: C08 divisions: D09 divisions: F99 note: This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited abstract: Motivation: With the ever-increasing number and diversity of sequenced species, the challenge to characterize genes with functional information is even more important. In most species, this characterization almost entirely relies on automated electronic methods. As such, it is critical to benchmark the various methods. The Critical Assessment of protein Function Annotation algorithms (CAFA) series of community experiments provide the most comprehensive benchmark, with a time-delayed analysis leveraging newly curated experimentally supported annotations. However, the definition of a false positive in CAFA has not fully accounted for the open world assumption (OWA), leading to a systematic underestimation of precision. The main reason for this limitation is the relative paucity of negative experimental annotations. Results: This article introduces a new, OWA-compliant, benchmark based on a balanced test set of positive and negative annotations. The negative annotations are derived from expert-curated annotations of protein families on phylogenetic trees. This approach results in a large increase in the average information content of negative annotations. The benchmark has been tested using the naïve and BLAST baseline methods, as well as two orthology-based methods. This new benchmark could complement existing ones in future CAFA experiments. date: 2020-07 date_type: published official_url: https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa466 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub pmcid: PMC7355306 language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1799540 doi: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa466 pii: 5870480 lyricists_name: Dessimoz, Christophe lyricists_id: CDESS31 actors_name: Flynn, Bernadette actors_id: BFFLY94 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: Bioinformatics volume: 36 number: S1 pagerange: i210-i218 event_location: England citation: Warwick Vesztrocy, A; Dessimoz, C; (2020) Benchmarking gene ontology function predictions using negative annotations. Bioinformatics , 36 (S1) i210-i218. 10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa466 <https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics%2Fbtaa466>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10106670/1/btaa466.pdf