eprintid: 10098953
rev_number: 22
eprint_status: archive
userid: 608
dir: disk0/10/09/89/53
datestamp: 2020-06-01 07:50:26
lastmod: 2021-09-25 22:51:37
status_changed: 2020-06-01 07:50:26
type: article
metadata_visibility: show
creators_name: Brownstone, RM
title: Key steps in the evolution of mammalian movement: A prolegomenal essay
ispublished: inpress
divisions: UCL
divisions: B02
divisions: C07
divisions: D07
divisions: F85
keywords: notochord, ventricular zone, sympathetic nervous system, endothermy, spinal cord, movement, microcircuits, cardiovascular evolution
note: © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IBRO.
This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
abstract: Rich repertoires of movements underlie the complex social interactions of mammals. The building blocks, or syllables, of these movements are produced by spinal cord circuits that are comprised of diverse neuronal types that control musculoskeletal systems comprised of multi-segmented limbs. Together, these systems provide mammals with the evolutionary advantages of power, speed, and endurance. Here, I propose that the key steps in chordate evolution that led to these traits began with the development of the notochord and a proliferative ventricular zone (with associated Notch signalling). This step led to the production of diverse neuronal types that included the development of a sympathetic nervous system that could regulate the evolving cardiovascular system. And the sympathetic nervous system in turn led to the development of homeothermic endothermy, a requirement for motor systems to produce a combination of power, speed, and endurance. Furthermore, the evolution of the continuous structure of the spinal cord led not only to a structure fit for cartesian signalling molecules, but also to one with high processing power in which circuits for effecting movement syllables formed. These syllables are harnessed by higher regions of nervous systems to produce the complex movements required for interactions with others and with the surrounding environment.
date: 2020-05-22
date_type: published
publisher: Elsevier BV
official_url: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.05.020
oa_status: green
full_text_type: pub
language: eng
primo: open
primo_central: open_green
verified: verified_manual
elements_id: 1786659
doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.05.020
lyricists_name: Brownstone, Robert
lyricists_id: RMBRO87
actors_name: Dewerpe, Marie
actors_id: MDDEW97
actors_role: owner
full_text_status: public
publication: Neuroscience
issn: 0306-4522
citation:        Brownstone, RM;      (2020)    Key steps in the evolution of mammalian movement: A prolegomenal essay.                   Neuroscience        10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.05.020 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.05.020>.    (In press).    Green open access   
 
document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10098953/8/Brownstone_1-s2.0-S0306452220303110-main.pdf