eprintid: 10090006 rev_number: 40 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/10/09/00/06 datestamp: 2020-01-21 14:34:36 lastmod: 2021-12-03 23:09:40 status_changed: 2020-01-21 14:34:36 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Shallcross, L creators_name: Lorencatto, F creators_name: Fuller, C creators_name: Tarrant, C creators_name: West, J creators_name: Traina, R creators_name: Smith, C creators_name: Forbes, G creators_name: Crayton, E creators_name: Rockenschaub, P creators_name: Dutey-Magni, P creators_name: Richardson, E creators_name: Fragaszy, E creators_name: Michie, S creators_name: Hayward, A title: An interdisciplinary mixed-methods approach to developing antimicrobial stewardship interventions: Protocol for the Preserving Antibiotics through Safe Stewardship (PASS) Research Programme [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B02 divisions: C07 divisions: D05 divisions: F66 divisions: C08 divisions: D10 divisions: G11 divisions: D12 divisions: G19 divisions: DD4 divisions: B04 divisions: C06 divisions: ZZ3 keywords: Antimicrobial-stewardship, behaviour-change, interdisciplinary, ethnography, epidemiology, user-centred design note: © 2020 Shallcross L et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. abstract: Behaviour change is key to combating antimicrobial resistance. Antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programmes promote and monitor judicious antibiotic use, but there is little consideration of behavioural and social influences when designing interventions. We outline a programme of research which aims to co-design AMS interventions across healthcare settings, by integrating data-science, evidence- synthesis, behavioural-science and user-centred design. The project includes three work-packages (WP): WP1 (Identifying patterns of prescribing): analysis of electronic health-records to identify prescribing patterns in care-homes, primary-care, and secondary-care. An online survey will investigate consulting/antibiotic-seeking behaviours in members of the public. WP2 (Barriers and enablers to prescribing in practice): Semi-structured interviews and observations of practice to identify barriers/enablers to prescribing, influences on antibiotic-seeking behaviour and the social/contextual factors underpinning prescribing. Systematic reviews of AMS interventions to identify the components of existing interventions associated with effectiveness. Design workshops to identify constraints influencing the form of the intervention. Interviews conducted with healthcare-professionals in community pharmacies, care-homes, primary-, and secondary-care and with members of the public. Topic guides and analysis based on the Theoretical Domains Framework. Observations conducted in care-homes, primary and secondary-care with analysis drawing on grounded theory. Systematic reviews of interventions in each setting will be conducted, and interventions described using the Behaviour Change Technique taxonomy v1. Design workshops in care-homes, primary-, and secondary care. WP3 (Co-production of interventions and dissemination). Findings will be integrated to identify opportunities for interventions, and assess whether existing interventions target influences on antibiotic use. Stakeholder panels will be assembled to co-design and refine interventions in each setting, applying the Affordability, Practicability, Effectiveness, Acceptability, Side-effects and Equity (APEASE) criteria to prioritise candidate interventions. Outputs will inform development of new AMS interventions and/or optimisation of existing interventions. We will also develop web-resources for stakeholders providing analyses of antibiotic prescribing patterns, prescribing behaviours, and evidence reviews. date: 2020-01-14 date_type: published publisher: F1000 Research Ltd official_url: http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15554.1 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green article_type_text: Article verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1742857 doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15554.1 lyricists_name: Atkins, Louise lyricists_name: Crayton, Elise lyricists_name: Dutey-Magni, Pierre lyricists_name: Fragaszy, Ellen lyricists_name: Fuller, Christopher lyricists_name: Hayward, Andrew lyricists_name: Horne, Robert lyricists_name: Kostkova, Patricie lyricists_name: Lorencatto, Fabiana lyricists_name: Michie, Susan lyricists_name: Mindell, Jennifer lyricists_name: Rockenschaub, Patrick lyricists_name: Shallcross, Laura lyricists_name: Smith, Catherine lyricists_id: LATKI71 lyricists_id: ECRAY38 lyricists_id: PFDUT15 lyricists_id: EFRAG24 lyricists_id: CFULL14 lyricists_id: ACHAY31 lyricists_id: RHORN95 lyricists_id: PKOST97 lyricists_id: FRLOR99 lyricists_id: SFMIC21 lyricists_id: JMIND63 lyricists_id: PROCK50 lyricists_id: LSHAL65 lyricists_id: CSMIT61 actors_name: Flynn, Bernadette actors_id: BFFLY94 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: Wellcome Open Research volume: 5 article_number: 8 issn: 2398-502X citation: Shallcross, L; Lorencatto, F; Fuller, C; Tarrant, C; West, J; Traina, R; Smith, C; ... Hayward, A; + view all <#> Shallcross, L; Lorencatto, F; Fuller, C; Tarrant, C; West, J; Traina, R; Smith, C; Forbes, G; Crayton, E; Rockenschaub, P; Dutey-Magni, P; Richardson, E; Fragaszy, E; Michie, S; Hayward, A; - view fewer <#> (2020) An interdisciplinary mixed-methods approach to developing antimicrobial stewardship interventions: Protocol for the Preserving Antibiotics through Safe Stewardship (PASS) Research Programme [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]. Wellcome Open Research , 5 , Article 8. 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15554.1 <https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.15554.1>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10090006/1/1a1f5913-314e-480a-991c-baf139053d81_15554_-_christopher_fuller.pdf