eprintid: 10086408 rev_number: 47 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/10/08/64/08 datestamp: 2019-11-21 10:53:34 lastmod: 2021-09-28 22:33:46 status_changed: 2019-11-21 10:53:34 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Varah, A creators_name: Ahodo, K creators_name: Coutts, S creators_name: Hicks, H creators_name: Comont, D creators_name: Crook, L creators_name: Hull, R creators_name: Neve, P creators_name: Childs, D creators_name: Freckleton, P creators_name: Norris, K title: The costs of human-induced evolution in an agricultural system ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B02 divisions: C08 divisions: D09 divisions: F99 note: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. abstract: Pesticides have underpinned significant improvements in global food security, albeit with associated environmental costs. Currently, the yield benefits of pesticides are threatened as overuse has led to wide-scale evolution of resistance. Despite this threat, there are no large-scale estimates of crop yield losses or economic costs due to resistance. Here, we combine national-scale density and resistance data for the weed Alopecurus myosuroides (black-grass) with crop yield maps and an economic model to estimate resistance impacts. We estimate that the annual cost of resistance in England is £0.4 billion in lost gross profit (2014 prices) and annual wheat yield loss due to resistance is 0.8 million tonnes. A total loss of herbicide control against black-grass would cost £1 billion and 3.4 million tonnes of lost wheat yield annually. Worldwide, there are 253 herbicide-resistant weeds, so the global impact of resistance could be enormous. Our research supports urgent national-scale planning to combat resistance and an incentive for increasing yields through food-production systems rather than herbicides. date: 2020-01 date_type: published official_url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0450-8 oa_status: green full_text_type: other language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1720800 doi: 10.1038/s41893-019-0450-8 lyricists_name: Norris, Kenneth lyricists_name: Varah, Alexa lyricists_id: KNORR90 lyricists_id: AVARA34 actors_name: Kalinowski, Damian actors_id: DKALI47 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: Nature Sustainability volume: 3 pagerange: 63-71 citation: Varah, A; Ahodo, K; Coutts, S; Hicks, H; Comont, D; Crook, L; Hull, R; ... Norris, K; + view all <#> Varah, A; Ahodo, K; Coutts, S; Hicks, H; Comont, D; Crook, L; Hull, R; Neve, P; Childs, D; Freckleton, P; Norris, K; - view fewer <#> (2020) The costs of human-induced evolution in an agricultural system. Nature Sustainability , 3 pp. 63-71. 10.1038/s41893-019-0450-8 <https://doi.org/10.1038/s41893-019-0450-8>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10086408/42/Varah_The%20costs%20of%20human-induced%20evolution%20in%20an%20agricultural%20system_AAM2.pdf document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10086408/48/Varah_The%20costs%20of%20human-induced%20evolution%20in%20an%20agricultural%20system_SuppM.pdf