eprintid: 10085366 rev_number: 17 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/10/08/53/66 datestamp: 2019-11-07 13:57:31 lastmod: 2021-11-18 23:39:11 status_changed: 2019-11-07 13:57:31 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Khan, A creators_name: Ullah, H creators_name: Nasir, JA creators_name: Shuda, S creators_name: Chen, W creators_name: Khan, MA creators_name: Zia-ur-Rehman, title: Metal- and Carbon-Based Materials as Heterogeneous Electrocatalysts for CO2 Reduction ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B04 divisions: C05 divisions: F44 keywords: CO2 Reduction; Electrocatalysts; Faradaic Efficiency; Fossil Fuels; Hydrocarbons note: This version is the version of record. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. abstract: Climate change caused by continuous rising level of CO2 and the depletion of fossil fuels reserves has made it highly desirable to electrochemically convert CO2 into fuels and commodity chemicals. Implementing this approach will close the carbon cycle by recycling CO2 providing a sustainable way to store energy in the chemical bonds of portable molecular fuels. In order to make the process commercially viable, the challenge of slow kinetics of CO2 electroreduction and low energy efficiency of the process need to be addressed. To this end, this review summarizes the progress made in the past few years in the development of heterogeneous electrocatalysts with a focus on nanostructured material for CO2 reduction to CO, HCOOH/HCOO−, CH2O, CH4, H2C2O4/HC2O− 4, C2H4, CH3OH, CH3CH2OH, etc. The electrocatalysts presented here are classified into metals, metal alloys, metal oxides, metal chalcogenides and carbon based materials on the basis of their elemental composition, whose performance is discussed in light of catalyst activity, product selectivity, Faradaic efficiency (FE), catalytic durability and in selected cases mechanism of CO2 electroreduction. The effect of particle size, morphology and solution-electrolyte type and composition on the catalyst property/activity is also discussed and finally some strategies are proposed for the development of CO2 electroreduction catalysts. The aim of this article is to review the recent advances in the field of CO2 electroreduction in order to further facilitate research and development in this area. date: 2018-05-01 date_type: published publisher: American Scientific Publishers official_url: https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2018.15354 full_text_type: pub language: eng article_type_text: Article verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1716984 doi: 10.1166/jnn.2018.15354 lyricists_name: Abdul Nasir, Jamal lyricists_id: JABDU82 actors_name: Abdul Nasir, Jamal actors_id: JABDU82 actors_role: owner full_text_status: restricted publication: Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology volume: 18 number: 5 pagerange: 3031-3048 citation: Khan, A; Ullah, H; Nasir, JA; Shuda, S; Chen, W; Khan, MA; Zia-ur-Rehman; (2018) Metal- and Carbon-Based Materials as Heterogeneous Electrocatalysts for CO2 Reduction. Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology , 18 (5) pp. 3031-3048. 10.1166/jnn.2018.15354 <https://doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2018.15354>. document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10085366/1/Metal-%20and%20Carbon-Based%20Materials%20as%20Heterogeneous.pdf