eprintid: 10081456 rev_number: 37 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/10/08/14/56 datestamp: 2019-09-12 12:28:41 lastmod: 2021-09-29 22:37:24 status_changed: 2020-08-03 08:35:03 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Dittmer, J title: Distributed Agency: Foreign policy sans MFA ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B03 divisions: C03 divisions: F26 keywords: Gibraltar; paradiplomacy; assemblage theory; Grace 1; Iran; Overseas Territories note: This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. abstract: This short provocation argues for a diplomacy studies that is less focused on the rationality of states, with the ministry of foreign affairs (MFA) as an imagined black box in which calculation occurs, and more on the idea of ‘external’ agency as the emergent effect from a range of elements within and without the state. To illustrate this idea, the essay sketches out an example of foreign policy made in the absence of an MFA entirely: Gibraltar’s 2019 intervention in the Grace 1 controversy. date: 2020 date_type: published publisher: Brill official_url: https://doi.org/10.1163/1871191X-15101087 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1692653 doi: 10.1163/1871191X-15101087 lyricists_name: Dittmer, Jason lyricists_id: JDITT61 actors_name: Nonhebel, Lucinda actors_id: LNONH33 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: The Hague Journal of Diplomacy volume: 15 number: 2 pagerange: 155-164 issn: 1871-191X citation: Dittmer, J; (2020) Distributed Agency: Foreign policy sans MFA. The Hague Journal of Diplomacy , 15 (2) pp. 155-164. 10.1163/1871191X-15101087 <https://doi.org/10.1163/1871191X-15101087>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10081456/1/Dittmer_%5B1871191X%20-%20The%20Hague%20Journal%20of%20Diplomacy%5D%20Distributed%20Agency_%20Foreign%20Policy%20sans_%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20MFA.pdf