TY  - JOUR
N1  - his work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
TI  - The Connection between the Averted Infections Ratio and the Rate Ratio in Active-control Trials of Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Agents
Y1  - 2019/07/12/
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1515/scid-2019-0006
ID  - discovery10079834
PB  - Walter de Gruyter GmbH
VL  - 11
JF  - Statistical Communications in Infectious Diseases
N2  - The design and analysis of active-control trials to evaluate experimental HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP)
agents pose serious statistical challenges. We recently proposed a new outcome measure, the averted infections
ratio (AIR) ? the proportion of infections that would be averted by using the experimental agent rather than the
control agent (compared to no intervention). The main aim of the current paper is to examine the mathematical
connection between AIR and the HIV incidence rate ratio, the standard outcome measure. We also consider
the sample size implications of the choice of primary outcome measure and explore the connection between
effectiveness and efficacy under a simplified model of adherence.
KW  - hiv
KW  -  non-inferiority
KW  -  active-control trials
SN  - 1948-4690
A1  - Dunn, DT
A1  - Glidden, DV
AV  - public
IS  - 1
ER  -