eprintid: 10076732 rev_number: 26 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/10/07/67/32 datestamp: 2019-06-26 09:52:32 lastmod: 2021-09-20 00:34:44 status_changed: 2019-06-26 09:52:32 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Hughes, AE creators_name: Greenwood, JA creators_name: Finlayson, NJ creators_name: Schwarzkopf, DS title: Population receptive field estimates for motion-defined stimuli ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B02 divisions: C07 divisions: D05 divisions: F67 keywords: Vision, Motion, Population receptive field analysis note: © 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). abstract: The processing of motion changes throughout the visual hierarchy, from spatially restricted ‘local motion’ in early visual cortex to more complex large-field ‘global motion’ at later stages. Here we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine spatially selective responses in these areas related to the processing of random-dot stimuli defined by differences in motion. We used population receptive field (pRF) analyses to map retinotopic cortex using bar stimuli comprising coherently moving dots. In the first experiment, we used three separate background conditions: no background dots (dot-defined bar-only), dots moving coherently in the opposite direction to the bar (kinetic boundary) and dots moving incoherently in random directions (global motion). Clear retinotopic maps were obtained for the bar-only and kinetic-boundary conditions across visual areas V1–V3 and in higher dorsal areas. For the global-motion condition, retinotopic maps were much weaker in early areas and became clear only in higher areas, consistent with the emergence of global-motion processing throughout the visual hierarchy. However, in a second experiment we demonstrate that this pattern is not specific to motion-defined stimuli, with very similar results for a transparent-motion stimulus and a bar defined by a static low-level property (dot size) that should have driven responses particularly in V1. We further exclude explanations based on stimulus visibility by demonstrating that the observed differences in pRF properties do not follow the ability of observers to localise or attend to these bar elements. Rather, our findings indicate that dorsal extrastriate retinotopic maps may primarily be determined by the visibility of the neural responses to the bar relative to the background response (i.e. neural signal-to-noise ratios) and suggests that claims about stimulus selectivity from pRF experiments must be interpreted with caution. date: 2019-10 date_type: published official_url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.05.068 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green article_type_text: Journal Article verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1666312 doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.05.068 language_elements: English lyricists_name: Greenwood, John lyricists_name: Schwarzkopf, Sam lyricists_id: JGREE81 lyricists_id: DSSCH11 actors_name: Greenwood, John actors_id: JGREE81 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: NeuroImage volume: 199 pagerange: 245-260 issn: 1053-8119 citation: Hughes, AE; Greenwood, JA; Finlayson, NJ; Schwarzkopf, DS; (2019) Population receptive field estimates for motion-defined stimuli. NeuroImage , 199 pp. 245-260. 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.05.068 <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.05.068>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10076732/17/Greenwood_Population%20receptive%20field%20estimates%20for%20motion-defined%20stimuli_VoR.pdf