<> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> "The repository administrator has not yet configured an RDF license."^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/primaryTopic> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/Article> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/title> "A Baseline for Any Order Gradient Estimation in Stochastic Computation Graphs"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/abstract> "By enabling correct differentiation in stochastic\r\ncomputation graphs (SCGs), the infinitely differentiable Monte-Carlo estimator (DiCE) can generate correct estimates for the higher order gradients that arise in, e.g., multi-agent reinforcement learning and meta-learning. However, the baseline term in DiCE that serves as a control variate for reducing variance applies only to first order gradient estimation, limiting the utility of higherorder gradient estimates. To improve the sample\r\nefficiency of DiCE, we propose a new baseline term for higher order gradient estimation. This term may be easily included in the objective, and produces unbiased variance -reduced estimators under (automatic) differentiation, without affecting the estimate of the objective itself or of the first order gradient estimate. It reuses the same baseline function (e.g., the state-value function in reinforcement learning) already used for the first order baseline. We provide theoretical analysis and numerical evaluations of this new baseline, which demonstrate that it can dramatically reduce the variance of DiCE’s second order gradient estimators and also show empirically that it reduces the variance of third and fourth order gradients. This computational tool can be easily used to estimate higher order gradients with unprecedented\r\nefficiency and simplicity wherever automatic differentiation is utilised, and it has the potential to\r\nunlock applications of higher order gradients in reinforcement learning and meta-learning."^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/date> "2019" . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/Document> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/volume> "97" . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/org/ext-ca158061c7eb20c932e4e843b78813f5> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Organization> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/org/ext-ca158061c7eb20c932e4e843b78813f5> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Proceedings of Machine Learning Research (PMLR)"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/publisher> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/org/ext-ca158061c7eb20c932e4e843b78813f5> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/publication/ext-26403498> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/Collection> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/publication/ext-26403498> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML)"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/isPartOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/publication/ext-26403498> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/publication/ext-26403498> <http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#sameAs> <urn:issn:26403498> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/publication/ext-26403498> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/issn> "26403498" . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/status> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/status/published> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-9118ed1a19aba64fa6534fa997607187> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/authorList> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#authors> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#authors> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_1> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-9118ed1a19aba64fa6534fa997607187> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-6a96789ef87a80800abddab082c3dc9f> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/authorList> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#authors> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#authors> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_2> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-6a96789ef87a80800abddab082c3dc9f> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-2febf292d83104947c30951a93f21e8f> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/authorList> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#authors> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#authors> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_3> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-2febf292d83104947c30951a93f21e8f> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-7591799718010fdff8fe94829a6c9726> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/authorList> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#authors> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#authors> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_4> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-7591799718010fdff8fe94829a6c9726> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-45f317b8db7df193b5b2dc8061b638eb> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/authorList> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#authors> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#authors> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_5> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-45f317b8db7df193b5b2dc8061b638eb> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/creator> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-3d59ba5bc7df04d0b03fc41e34d9499a> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/authorList> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#authors> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#authors> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_6> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-3d59ba5bc7df04d0b03fc41e34d9499a> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://www.loc.gov/loc.terms/relators/EDT> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-636a69056a2bc0a84abe569996ceca1f> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/editorList> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#editors> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#editors> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_1> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-636a69056a2bc0a84abe569996ceca1f> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://www.loc.gov/loc.terms/relators/EDT> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-9dd3d98583b7d938d55a67476e27c9ac> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/editorList> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#editors> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#editors> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_2> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-9dd3d98583b7d938d55a67476e27c9ac> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://www.loc.gov/loc.terms/relators/EDT> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-a44dbfbac7839973a8363dcec27112d5> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/editorList> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#editors> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414#editors> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#_3> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-a44dbfbac7839973a8363dcec27112d5> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-9118ed1a19aba64fa6534fa997607187> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-9118ed1a19aba64fa6534fa997607187> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/givenName> "J"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-9118ed1a19aba64fa6534fa997607187> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/familyName> "Mao"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-9118ed1a19aba64fa6534fa997607187> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "J Mao"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-3d59ba5bc7df04d0b03fc41e34d9499a> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-3d59ba5bc7df04d0b03fc41e34d9499a> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/givenName> "S"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-3d59ba5bc7df04d0b03fc41e34d9499a> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/familyName> "Whiteson"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-3d59ba5bc7df04d0b03fc41e34d9499a> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "S Whiteson"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-45f317b8db7df193b5b2dc8061b638eb> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-45f317b8db7df193b5b2dc8061b638eb> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/givenName> "G"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-45f317b8db7df193b5b2dc8061b638eb> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/familyName> "Farquhar"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-45f317b8db7df193b5b2dc8061b638eb> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "G Farquhar"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-2febf292d83104947c30951a93f21e8f> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-2febf292d83104947c30951a93f21e8f> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/givenName> "T"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-2febf292d83104947c30951a93f21e8f> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/familyName> "Rocktäschel"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-2febf292d83104947c30951a93f21e8f> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "T Rocktäschel"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-6a96789ef87a80800abddab082c3dc9f> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-6a96789ef87a80800abddab082c3dc9f> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/givenName> "J"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-6a96789ef87a80800abddab082c3dc9f> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/familyName> "Foerster"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-6a96789ef87a80800abddab082c3dc9f> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "J Foerster"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-7591799718010fdff8fe94829a6c9726> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-7591799718010fdff8fe94829a6c9726> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/givenName> "M"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-7591799718010fdff8fe94829a6c9726> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/familyName> "Al-Shedivat"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-7591799718010fdff8fe94829a6c9726> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "M Al-Shedivat"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-636a69056a2bc0a84abe569996ceca1f> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-636a69056a2bc0a84abe569996ceca1f> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/givenName> "Eric"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-636a69056a2bc0a84abe569996ceca1f> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/familyName> "Xing"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-636a69056a2bc0a84abe569996ceca1f> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Eric Xing"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-9dd3d98583b7d938d55a67476e27c9ac> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-9dd3d98583b7d938d55a67476e27c9ac> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/givenName> "Kamalika"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-9dd3d98583b7d938d55a67476e27c9ac> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/familyName> "Chaudhuri"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-9dd3d98583b7d938d55a67476e27c9ac> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Kamalika Chaudhuri"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-a44dbfbac7839973a8363dcec27112d5> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/Person> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-a44dbfbac7839973a8363dcec27112d5> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/givenName> "Rusian"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-a44dbfbac7839973a8363dcec27112d5> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/familyName> "Salakhutdinov"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/person/ext-a44dbfbac7839973a8363dcec27112d5> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/name> "Rusian Salakhutdinov"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/Article> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/presentedAt> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/event/ext-523c228ca45011590c6578382162904e> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/event/ext-523c228ca45011590c6578382162904e> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://purl.org/ontology/bibo/Conference> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/event/ext-523c228ca45011590c6578382162904e> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/title> "36th International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML 2019)"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://eprints.org/ontology/EPrint> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://eprints.org/ontology/ProceedingsSectionEPrint> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/isPartOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/repository> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://eprints.org/ontology/hasDocument> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://eprints.org/ontology/Document> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "A Baseline for Any Order Gradient Estimation in Stochastic Computation Graphs (Text)"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/hasVersion> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://eprints.org/ontology/hasPublished> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> <http://eprints.org/ontology/hasFile> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414/1/maoicml19.pdf> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> <http://purl.org/dc/terms/hasPart> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414/1/maoicml19.pdf> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414/1/maoicml19.pdf> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "maoicml19.pdf"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://eprints.org/ontology/hasDocument> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902539> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902539> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://eprints.org/ontology/Document> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902539> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "A Baseline for Any Order Gradient Estimation in Stochastic Computation Graphs (Other)"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902539> <http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902539> <http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902539> <http://eprints.org/relation/islightboxThumbnailVersionOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://eprints.org/ontology/hasDocument> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902540> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902540> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://eprints.org/ontology/Document> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902540> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "A Baseline for Any Order Gradient Estimation in Stochastic Computation Graphs (Other)"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902540> <http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902540> <http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902540> <http://eprints.org/relation/ispreviewThumbnailVersionOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://eprints.org/ontology/hasDocument> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902541> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902541> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://eprints.org/ontology/Document> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902541> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "A Baseline for Any Order Gradient Estimation in Stochastic Computation Graphs (Other)"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902541> <http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902541> <http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902541> <http://eprints.org/relation/ismediumThumbnailVersionOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://eprints.org/ontology/hasDocument> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902542> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902542> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://eprints.org/ontology/Document> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902542> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "A Baseline for Any Order Gradient Estimation in Stochastic Computation Graphs (Other)"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902542> <http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902542> <http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902542> <http://eprints.org/relation/isIndexCodesVersionOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://eprints.org/ontology/hasDocument> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902543> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902543> <http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#type> <http://eprints.org/ontology/Document> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902543> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label> "A Baseline for Any Order Gradient Estimation in Stochastic Computation Graphs (Other)"^^<http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#string> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902543> <http://eprints.org/relation/isVersionOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902543> <http://eprints.org/relation/isVolatileVersionOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902543> <http://eprints.org/relation/issmallThumbnailVersionOf> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/document/902538> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#seeAlso> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414/> . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414/> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/title> "HTML Summary of #10074414 \n\nA Baseline for Any Order Gradient Estimation in Stochastic Computation Graphs\n\n" . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414/> <http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/format> "text/html" . <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414/> <http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/primaryTopic> <https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10074414> .