eprintid: 10065062 rev_number: 16 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/10/06/50/62 datestamp: 2019-01-07 13:41:36 lastmod: 2021-10-23 22:49:32 status_changed: 2019-01-07 13:41:36 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Sandelius, A creators_name: Cullen, NC creators_name: Kallen, A creators_name: Rosengren, L creators_name: Jensen, C creators_name: Kostanjevecki, V creators_name: Vandijck, M creators_name: Zetterberg, H creators_name: Blennow, K title: Transient increase in CSF GAP-43 concentration after ischemic stroke ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B02 divisions: C07 divisions: D07 divisions: F86 keywords: GAP-43, Stroke, Neurodegeneration, Cerebrospinal fluid, Biomarkers note: Copyright © The Author(s). 2018 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. abstract: Background: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers reflect ongoing processes in the brain. Growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) is highly upregulated in brain tissue shortly after experimental ischemia suggesting the CSF GAP-43 concentration may be altered in ischemic brain disorders. CSF GAP-43 concentration is elevated in Alzheimer’s disease patients; however, patients suffering from stroke have not been studied previously. Methods: The concentration of GAP-43 was measured in longitudinal CSF samples from 28 stroke patients prospectively collected on days 0–1, 2–4, 7–9, 3 weeks, and 3–5 months after ischemia and cross-sectionally in 19 controls. The stroke patients were clinically evaluated using a stroke severity score system. The extent of the brain lesion, including injury size and degrees of white matter lesions and atrophy were evaluated by CT and magnetic resonance imaging. Results: Increased GAP-43 concentration was detected from day 7–9 to 3 weeks after stroke, compared to day 1–4 and to levels in the control group (P = 0.02 and P = 0.007). At 3–5 months after stroke GAP-43 returned to admission levels. The initial increase in GAP-43 during the nine first days was associated to stroke severity, the degree of white matter lesions and atrophy and correlated positively with infarct size (rs = 0.65, P = 0.001). Conclusions: The transient increase of CSF GAP-43 is important to take into account when used as a biomarker for other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease. Furthermore, GAP-43 may be a marker of neuronal responses after stroke and additional studies confirming the potential of CSF GAP-43 to reflect severity and outcome of stroke in larger cohorts are warranted. date: 2018-12-07 date_type: published publisher: BMC official_url: http://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-018-1210-5 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1608824 doi: 10.1186/s12883-018-1210-5 lyricists_name: Zetterberg, Henrik lyricists_id: HZETT94 actors_name: Bracey, Alan actors_id: ABBRA90 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: BMC Neurology volume: 18 article_number: 202 pages: 8 issn: 1471-2377 citation: Sandelius, A; Cullen, NC; Kallen, A; Rosengren, L; Jensen, C; Kostanjevecki, V; Vandijck, M; ... Blennow, K; + view all <#> Sandelius, A; Cullen, NC; Kallen, A; Rosengren, L; Jensen, C; Kostanjevecki, V; Vandijck, M; Zetterberg, H; Blennow, K; - view fewer <#> (2018) Transient increase in CSF GAP-43 concentration after ischemic stroke. BMC Neurology , 18 , Article 202. 10.1186/s12883-018-1210-5 <https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-018-1210-5>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10065062/1/s12883-018-1210-5.pdf