eprintid: 10060627 rev_number: 22 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/10/06/06/27 datestamp: 2018-11-06 13:58:52 lastmod: 2020-02-13 00:03:46 status_changed: 2018-11-06 13:58:52 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Erro, R creators_name: Tinazzi, M creators_name: Morgante, F creators_name: Bhatia, KP title: Non-invasive brain stimulation for dystonia: therapeutic implications ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: A01 divisions: B02 divisions: C07 divisions: D07 divisions: F84 keywords: current stimulation, magnetic stimulation, tDCS, TMS, transcranial note: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. abstract: Dystonia is characterized by excessive muscle contractions giving rise to abnormal posture and involuntary twisting movements. Although dystonia syndromes are a heterogeneous group of disorders, certain pathophysiological mechanisms have been consistently identified across different forms. These pathophysiological mechanisms have subsequently been exploited for the development of non‐invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques able to modulate neural activity in one or more nodes of the putative network that is altered in dystonia, and the therapeutic role of NIBS has hence been suggested. Here all studies that applied such techniques as a therapeutic intervention in any forms of dystonia, including the few works performed in children, are reviewed and emerging concepts and pitfalls of NIBS are discussed. date: 2017-10 date_type: published publisher: WILEY official_url: https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.13363 oa_status: green full_text_type: other language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green article_type_text: Review verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1410930 doi: 10.1111/ene.13363 language_elements: English lyricists_name: Bhatia, Kailash lyricists_id: KPBHA96 actors_name: Novi, Maya actors_id: MNOVI52 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: European Journal of Neurology volume: 24 number: 10 pagerange: 1228-E64 pages: 19 issn: 1468-1331 citation: Erro, R; Tinazzi, M; Morgante, F; Bhatia, KP; (2017) Non-invasive brain stimulation for dystonia: therapeutic implications. European Journal of Neurology , 24 (10) 1228-E64. 10.1111/ene.13363 <https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.13363>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10060627/3/Erro_draft_NIBS_R1.pdf