eprintid: 10057015 rev_number: 23 eprint_status: archive userid: 608 dir: disk0/10/05/70/15 datestamp: 2018-09-26 13:52:52 lastmod: 2021-12-16 01:18:56 status_changed: 2018-09-26 13:52:52 type: article metadata_visibility: show creators_name: Munro, PRT title: Tool for simulating the focusing of arbitrary vector beams in free-space and stratified media ispublished: pub divisions: UCL divisions: B04 divisions: C05 divisions: F42 note: This version is the version of record. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions. abstract: Vectorial models of focused beams are important to a variety of fields including microscopy, lithography, optical physics, and biomedical imaging. This has led to many models being developed, which calculate how beams of various profiles are focused both in free space and in the presence of stratified media. The majority of existing models begin with a vectorial diffraction formula, often referred to as the Debye–Wolf integral, which must be evaluated partially analytically and partially numerically. The complexity of both the analytic and numerical evaluations increases significantly when exotic beams are modeled, or, a stratified medium is located in the focal region. However, modern-day computing resources permit this integral to be evaluated entirely numerically for most applications. This allows for the development of a vectorial model of focusing in which the focusing itself, interaction with a stratified medium, and incident beam specification are independent, allowing for a model of unprecedented flexibility. We outline the theory upon which this model is developed and show examples of how the model can be used in applications including optical coherence tomography, high numerical aperture microscopy, and the properties of cylindrical vector beams. We have made the computer code freely available. date: 2018-09-24 date_type: published publisher: Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers official_url: https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.23.9.090801 oa_status: green full_text_type: pub language: eng primo: open primo_central: open_green article_type_text: Article verified: verified_manual elements_id: 1587558 doi: 10.1117/1.JBO.23.9.090801 lyricists_name: Munro, Peter lyricists_id: PRTMU72 actors_name: Munro, Peter actors_id: PRTMU72 actors_role: owner full_text_status: public publication: Journal of Biomedical Optics volume: 23 number: 9 article_number: 090801 issn: 1083-3668 citation: Munro, PRT; (2018) Tool for simulating the focusing of arbitrary vector beams in free-space and stratified media. Journal of Biomedical Optics , 23 (9) , Article 090801. 10.1117/1.JBO.23.9.090801 <https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JBO.23.9.090801>. Green open access document_url: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10057015/10/Munro%20090801_1.pdf