@article{discovery10056459,
         journal = {Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience},
           title = {Cerebral blood flow and cognitive functioning in a community-based, multi-ethnic cohort: The SABRE study},
            year = {2018},
           month = {September},
          volume = {10},
       publisher = {Frontiers Media},
            note = {Copyright {\copyright} 2018 Leeuwis, Smith, Melbourne, Hughes, Richards, Prins, Sokolska, Atkinson, Tillin, J{\"a}ger, Chaturvedi, Flier and Barkhof. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.},
        keywords = {cerebral perfusion, arterial spin labeling, cognition, neuropsychology, vascular risk factors, ethnicity},
            issn = {1663-4365},
        abstract = {Introduction: Lower cerebral blood flow (CBF) is associated with cardiovascular disease
and vascular risk factors, and is increasingly acknowledged as an important contributor
to cognitive decline and dementia. In this cross-sectional study, we examined the
association between CBF and cognitive functioning in a community-based, multi-ethnic
cohort.
Methods: From the SABRE (Southall and Brent Revisited) study, we included 214
European, 151 South Asian and 87 African Caribbean participants (71 {$\pm$} 5 years;
39\%F). We used 3T pseudo-continuous arterial spin labeling to estimate whole-brain,
hematocrit corrected CBF. We measured global cognition and three cognitive domains
(memory, executive functioning/attention and language) with a neuropsychological test
battery. Associations were investigated using linear regression analyses, adjusted for
demographic variables, vascular risk factors and MRI measures.
Results: Across groups, we found an association between higher CBF and
better performance on executive functioning/attention (standardized {\ss} [st{\ss}{{]}} = 0.11,
p {\ensuremath{<}} 0.05). Stratification for ethnicity showed associations between higher CBF
and better performance on memory and executive functioning/attention in the white
European group (st{\ss} = 0.14; p {\ensuremath{<}} 0.05 and st{\ss} = 0.18; p {\ensuremath{<}} 0.01 respectively),
associations were weaker in the South Asian and African Caribbean groups.
Conclusions: In a multi-ethnic community-based cohort we showed modest
associations between CBF and cognitive functioning. In particular, we found
an association between higher CBF and better performance on executive
functioning/attention and memory in the white European group. The observations
are consistent with the proposed role of cerebral hemodynamics in cognitive decline},
             url = {http://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2018.00279},
          author = {Leeuwia, A and Smith, L and Melbourne, A and Hughes, A and Richards, M and Prins, N and Sokolska, MJ and Atkinson, D and Tillin, T and Jager, R and Chaturvedi, N and van der Flier, W and Barkhof, F}
}