%0 Journal Article
%@ 1662-5161
%A Liu, Y
%A Duan, Y
%A Dong, H
%A Barkhof, F
%A Li, K
%A Shu, N
%D 2018
%F discovery:10048726
%I FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
%J Frontiers in Human Neuroscience
%K Science & Technology, Social Sciences, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Neurosciences, Psychology, Neurosciences & Neurology, multiple sclerosis, clinically isolated syndrome, diffusion MRI, functional MRI, graph theory, brain network, RESTING-STATE, COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT, DEFAULT-MODE, LESION LOAD, NETWORKS, CONNECTIVITY, DISABILITY, PATHOGENESIS, ORGANIZATION, TRACTOGRAPHY
%T Disrupted Module Efficiency of Structural and Functional Brain Connectomes in Clinically Isolated Syndrome and Multiple Sclerosis
%U https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10048726/
%V 12
%X Recent studies have demonstrated disrupted topological organization of brain  connectome in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, whether the communication efficiency  between different functional systems is affected in the early stage of MS remained largely  unknown. In this study, we constructed the structural connectivity (SC) and functional  connectivity (FC) networks in 41 patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), 32 MS  patients and 35 healthy controls (HC) based on diffusion and resting-state functional  MRI. To quantify the communication efficiency within and between different functional  systems, we proposed two measures called intra- and inter-module efficiency. Based  on the module parcellation of functional backbone network, the intra- and inter-module  efficiency of SC and FC networks was calculated for each participant. For the SC  network, CIS showed decreased inter-module efficiency between the sensory-motor  network (SMN), the visual network (VN), the default-mode network (DMN) and the  fronto-parietal network (FPN) compared with HC, while MS showed more widespread  decreased module efficiency both within and between modules relative to HC and CIS.  For the FC network, no differences were found between CIS and HC, and a decreased  inter-module efficiency between SMN and FPN and between VN and FPN was identified  in MS, compared with HC and CIS. Moreover, both intra- and inter-module efficiency of  SC network were correlated with the disability and cognitive scores in MS. Therefore, our  results demonstrated early SC changes between modules in CIS, and more widespread  SC alterations and inter-module FC changes were observed in MS, which were further  associated with cognitive impairment and physical disability.
%Z This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images  or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license,  unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license,  users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this  license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/