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Cannabis use and adherence to antipsychotic medication: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Foglia, E; Schoeler, T; Klamerus, E; Morgan, K; Bhattacharyya, S; (2017) Cannabis use and adherence to antipsychotic medication: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Psychological Medicine , 47 (10) pp. 1691-1705. 10.1017/S0033291717000046. Green open access

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Abstract

Substance use may increase the risk of non-adherence to antipsychotics, resulting in negative outcomes in patients with psychosis. We aimed to quantitatively summarize evidence regarding the effect of cannabis use, the most commonly used illicit drug amongst those with psychosis, on adherence to antipsychotic medication. Studies were identified through a systematic database search. Adopting random-effects models, pooled odds ratios (OR) for risk of non-adherence to antipsychotic medications were calculated comparing: cannabis-users at baseline v. non-users at baseline; non users v. continued cannabis users at follow-up; non-users v. former users at follow-up; former users v. current users. Fifteen observational studies (n = 3678) were included. Increased risk of non-adherence was observed for cannabis users compared to non-users (OR 2.46, n = 3055). At follow-up, increased risk of non-adherence was observed for current users compared to non-users (OR 5.79, n = 175) and former users (OR 5.5, n = 192), while there was no difference between former users and non-users (OR 1.12, n = 187). Cannabis use increases the risk of non-adherence and quitting cannabis use may help adherence to antipsychotics. Thus, cannabis use may represent a potential target for intervention to improve medication adherence in those with psychosis.

Type: Article
Title: Cannabis use and adherence to antipsychotic medication: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1017/S0033291717000046
Publisher version: http://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291717000046
Language: English
Additional information: This version is the author accepted manuscript. For information on re-use, please refer to the publisher’s terms and conditions.
Keywords: Antipsychotic, cannabis use, medication adherence, psychosis
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Div of Psychology and Lang Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Brain Sciences > Div of Psychology and Lang Sciences > Clinical, Edu and Hlth Psychology
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1556735
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