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Clinical spectrum and features of activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome: A large patient cohort study

Coulter, TI; Chandra, A; Bacon, CM; Babar, J; Curtis, J; Screaton, N; Goodlad, JR; ... Cant, AJ; + view all (2016) Clinical spectrum and features of activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome: A large patient cohort study. J Allergy Clin Immunol 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.06.021. Green open access

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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome (APDS) is a recently described combined immunodeficiency resulting from gain-of-function mutations in PIK3CD, the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ (PI3Kδ). OBJECTIVE: We sought to review the clinical, immunologic, histopathologic, and radiologic features of APDS in a large genetically defined international cohort. METHODS: We applied a clinical questionnaire and performed review of medical notes, radiology, histopathology, and laboratory investigations of 53 patients with APDS. RESULTS: Recurrent sinopulmonary infections (98%) and nonneoplastic lymphoproliferation (75%) were common, often from childhood. Other significant complications included herpesvirus infections (49%), autoinflammatory disease (34%), and lymphoma (13%). Unexpectedly, neurodevelopmental delay occurred in 19% of the cohort, suggesting a role for PI3Kδ in the central nervous system; consistent with this, PI3Kδ is broadly expressed in the developing murine central nervous system. Thoracic imaging revealed high rates of mosaic attenuation (90%) and bronchiectasis (60%). Increased IgM levels (78%), IgG deficiency (43%), and CD4 lymphopenia (84%) were significant immunologic features. No immunologic marker reliably predicted clinical severity, which ranged from asymptomatic to death in early childhood. The majority of patients received immunoglobulin replacement and antibiotic prophylaxis, and 5 patients underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Five patients died from complications of APDS. CONCLUSION: APDS is a combined immunodeficiency with multiple clinical manifestations, many with incomplete penetrance and others with variable expressivity. The severity of complications in some patients supports consideration of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for severe childhood disease. Clinical trials of selective PI3Kδ inhibitors offer new prospects for APDS treatment.

Type: Article
Title: Clinical spectrum and features of activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome: A large patient cohort study
Location: United States
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2016.06.021
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaci.2016.06.021
Language: English
Additional information: © 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords: Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome, PIK3CD gene, bronchiectasis, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, immunodeficiency, p110δ-activating mutation causing senescent T cells, lymphadenopathy, and immunodeficiency, phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor, phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Cancer Institute
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Cancer Institute > Research Department of Oncology
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > School of Life and Medical Sciences > Faculty of Medical Sciences > Div of Infection and Immunity
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1508831
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