Sandelius, A; Portelius, E; Kallen, A; Zetterberg, H; Rot, U; Olsson, B; Toledo, JB; ... Blennow, K; + view all Sandelius, A; Portelius, E; Kallen, A; Zetterberg, H; Rot, U; Olsson, B; Toledo, JB; Shaw, LM; Lee, VMY; Irwin, DJ; Grossman, M; Weintraub, D; Chen-Plotkin, A; Wolk, DA; McCluskey, L; Elman, L; Kostanjevecki, V; Vandijck, M; McBride, J; Trojanowski, JQ; Blennow, K; - view fewer (2019) Elevated CSF GAP-43 is Alzheimer's disease specific and associated with tau and amyloid pathology. Alzheimer's & Dementia , 15 (1) pp. 55-64. 10.1016/j.jalz.2018.08.006.

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Abstract

Introduction: The level of the presynaptic protein growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has previously been shown to be increased in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and thus may serve as an outcome measure in clinical trials and facilitate earlier disease detection. / Methods: We developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for CSF GAP-43 and measured healthy controls (n = 43), patients with AD (n = 275), or patients with other neurodegenerative diseases (n = 344). In a subpopulation (n = 93), CSF GAP-43 concentrations from neuropathologically confirmed cases were related to Aβ plaques, tau, α-synuclein, and TDP-43 pathologies. / Results: GAP-43 was significantly increased in AD compared to controls and most neurodegenerative diseases and correlated with the magnitude of neurofibrillary tangles and Aβ plaques in the hippocampus, amygdala, and cortex. GAP-43 was not associated to α-synuclein or TDP-43 pathology. / Discussion: The presynaptic marker GAP-43 is associated with both diagnosis and neuropathology of AD and thus may be useful as a sensitive and specific biomarker for clinical research.

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