Yuen, VM; Li, BL; Cheuk, DK; Leung, MKM; Hui, TWC; Wong, IC; Lam, WW; ... Irwin, MG; + view all Yuen, VM; Li, BL; Cheuk, DK; Leung, MKM; Hui, TWC; Wong, IC; Lam, WW; Choi, SW; Irwin, MG; - view fewer (2017) A randomised controlled trial of oral chloral hydrate vs. intranasal dexmedetomidine before computerised tomography in children. ANAESTHESIA , 72 (10) pp. 1191-1195. 10.1111/anae.13981.

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Abstract

Chloral hydrate is commonly used to sedate children for painless procedures. Children may recover more quickly after sedation with dexmedetomidine, which has a shorter half-life. We randomly allocated 196 children to chloral hydrate syrup 50 mg.kg−1 and intranasal saline spray, or placebo syrup and intranasal dexmedetomidine spray 3 μg.kg−1, 30 min before computerised tomography studies. More children resisted or cried after drinking chloral hydrate syrup than placebo syrup, 72 of 107 (67%) vs. 42 of 87 (48%), p = 0.009, but there was no difference after intranasal saline vs. dexmedetomidine, 49 of 107 (46%) vs. 40 of 87 (46%), p = 0.98. Sedation was satisfactory in 81 of 107 (76%) children after chloral hydrate and 64 of 87 (74%) children after dexmedetomidine, p = 0.74. Of the 173 children followed up for at least 4 h after discharge, 38 of 97 (39%) had recovered normal function after chloral hydrate and 32 of 76 (42%) after dexmedetomidine, p = 0.76. Six children vomited after chloral hydrate syrup and placebo spray vs. none after placebo syrup and dexmedetomidine spray, p = 0.03.

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