Amaral, AJ; Andrade, J; Foxall, RB; Matoso, P; Matos, AM; Soares, RS; Rocha, C; ... Sousa, AE; + view all Amaral, AJ; Andrade, J; Foxall, RB; Matoso, P; Matos, AM; Soares, RS; Rocha, C; Ramos, CG; Tendeiro, R; Serra-Caetano, A; Guerra-Assunção, JA; Santa-Marta, M; Gonçalves, J; Gama-Carvalho, M; Sousa, AE; - view fewer (2017) miRNA profiling of human naive CD4 T cells links miR-34c-5p to cell activation and HIV replication. The EMBO Journal , 36 (3) pp. 346-360. 10.15252/embj.201694335.

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Abstract

Cell activation is a vital step for T-cell memory/effector differentiation as well as for productive HIV infection. To identify novel regulators of this process, we used next-generation sequencing to profile changes in microRNA expression occurring in purified human naive CD4 T cells in response to TCR stimulation and/or HIV infection. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, the transcriptional up-regulation of miR-34c-5p in response to TCR stimulation in naive CD4 T cells. The induction of this miR was further consistently found to be reduced by both HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections. Overexpression of miR-34c-5p led to changes in the expression of several genes involved in TCR signaling and cell activation, confirming its role as a novel regulator of naive CD4 T-cell activation. We additionally show that miR-34c-5p promotes HIV-1 replication, suggesting that its down-regulation during HIV infection may be part of an anti-viral host response.

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