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Conflict and cooperation in eukaryogenesis: implications for the timing of endosymbiosis and the evolution of sex

Radzvilavicius, AL; Blackstone, NW; (2015) Conflict and cooperation in eukaryogenesis: implications for the timing of endosymbiosis and the evolution of sex. Journal of the Royal Society Interface , 12 (111) , Article 20150584. 10.1098/rsif.2015.0584.

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Abstract

Roughly 1.5-2.0 Gya, the eukaryotic cell evolved from an endosymbiosis of an archaeal host and proteobacterial symbionts. The timing of this endosymbiosis relative to the evolution of eukaryotic features remains subject to considerable debate, yet the evolutionary process itself constrains the timing of these events. Endosymbiosis entailed levels-of-selection conflicts, and mechanisms of conflict mediation had to evolve for eukaryogenesis to proceed. The initial mechanisms of conflict mediation (e.g. signalling with calcium and soluble adenylyl cyclase, substrate carriers, adenine nucleotide translocase, uncouplers) led to metabolic homeostasis in the eukaryotic cell. Later mechanisms (e.g. mitochondrial gene loss) contributed to the chimeric eukaryotic genome. These integral features of eukaryotes were derived because of, and therefore subsequent to, endosymbiosis. Perhaps the greatest opportunity for conflict arose with the emergence of eukaryotic sex, involving whole-cell fusion. A simple model demonstrates that competition on the lower level severely hinders the evolution of sex. Cytoplasmic mixing, however, is beneficial for non-cooperative endosymbionts, which could have used their aerobic metabolism to manipulate the life history of the host. While early evolution of sex may have facilitated symbiont acquisition, sex would have also destabilized the subsequent endosymbiosis. More plausibly, the evolution of sex and the true nucleus concluded the transition.

Type: Article
Title: Conflict and cooperation in eukaryogenesis: implications for the timing of endosymbiosis and the evolution of sex
Location: England
DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2015.0584
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2015.0584
Language: English
Additional information: Copyright © 2015 The Author(s).
Keywords: cell fusion, eukaryogenesis, evolutionary conflict, mitochondria, reactive oxygen species, sex
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/1489435
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