Lascar, R.M.; Lopes, A.R.; Gilson, R.J.; Dunn, C.; Johnstone, R.; Copas, A.; Reignat, S.; ... Maini, M.K.; + view all Lascar, R.M.; Lopes, A.R.; Gilson, R.J.; Dunn, C.; Johnstone, R.; Copas, A.; Reignat, S.; Webster, G.; Bertoletti, A.; Maini, M.K.; - view fewer (2005) Effect of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy on hepatitis B virus (HBV)-specific T cell responses in patients who have resolved HBV infection. The Journal of Infectious Diseases , 191 (7) pp. 1169-1179. 10.1086/428502.

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Abstract

Coinfection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a common occurrence in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patients and an increasing cause of morbidity and mortality. The CD8(+) T cell response is critical for long-term control of HBV in patients resolving acute infection. Here, we examine the effect of HIV on HBV-specific CD8(+) T cell responses in patients who have resolved HBV infection. A cross-sectional study showed a reduction in HBV-specific CD8(+) T cell responses in HIV-positive, HBV-immune patients, compared with those in HIV-negative, HBV-immune patients. A longitudinal study of a subgroup of patients examined whether this attrition could be reversed by effective antiretroviral therapy. The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) resulted in reconstitution of some HBV-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell responses, in association with restoration of CD4(+) T cell counts. These data provide a mechanism to account for the observed impairment of control of HBV infection in the setting of HIV infection and support the ability of HAART to reconstitute functionally active T cell responses.

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