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Toward adaptive radiotherapy for lung patients: Feasibility study on deforming planning CT to CBCT to assess the impact of anatomical changes on dosimetry

Cole, AJ; Veiga, C; Johnson, U; D'Souza, D; Lalli, N; McClelland, JR; (2018) Toward adaptive radiotherapy for lung patients: Feasibility study on deforming planning CT to CBCT to assess the impact of anatomical changes on dosimetry. Physics in Medicine & Biology , 63 (15) , Article 155014. 10.1088/1361-6560/aad1bb. Green open access

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Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Changes in lung architecture during a course of radiotherapy can alter the planned dose distribution to the extent that it becomes clinically unacceptable. This study aims to validate a quantitative method of determining whether a replan is required during the course of conformal radiotherapy. The proposed method uses deformable image registration (DIR) to flexibly map planning CT (pCT) data to the anatomy of online CBCT images. The resulting deformed CT (dCT) images are used as a basis for assessing the effect of anatomical change on dose distributions. METHOD: The study used retrospective data from a sample of seven replanned lung patients. The settings of an in-house, open-source DIR algorithm were first optimised for CT-to-CBCT registrations of the anatomy of the thorax. Using these optimised parameters, each patient's pCT was deformed to the CBCT acquired immediately before the replan. Registration accuracy was rigorously validated both geometrically and dosimetrically to confirm that the dCTs could reliably be used to inform replan decisions. A retrospective evaluation of the changes in dose delivered over time was then carried out for a single patient to demonstrate the clinical application of the proposed method. RESULTS: The geometric analysis showed good agreement between deformed structures and those same structures manually outlined on the CBCT images. Results were consistently better than those achieved with rigid-only registration. In the dosimetric analysis, dose distributions derived from the dCTs were found to match closely to the "gold standard" replan CT (rCT) distributions across dose volume histogram (DVH) and absolute dose difference measures. The retrospective analysis of serial CBCTs of a single patient produced reliable quantitative assessment of the dose delivery. Had the proposed method been available at the time of treatment, it would have enabled a more objective replan decision. CONCLUSION: DIR is a valuable clinical tool for dose recalculation in adaptive radiotherapy protocols for lung cancer patients.

Type: Article
Title: Toward adaptive radiotherapy for lung patients: Feasibility study on deforming planning CT to CBCT to assess the impact of anatomical changes on dosimetry
Location: England
Open access status: An open access version is available from UCL Discovery
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/aad1bb
Publisher version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6560/aad1bb
Language: English
Additional information: Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 licence (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0). Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI. - With an erratum dated 5 September 2018.
Keywords: Adaptive radiotherapy, Cone Beam CT, Deformable image registration, Lung cancer
UCL classification: UCL
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science
UCL > Provost and Vice Provost Offices > UCL BEAMS > Faculty of Engineering Science > Dept of Med Phys and Biomedical Eng
URI: https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10052271
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